Gulu la 8.8 Hex Bolts

2026-08-03

1. Kalasi 8.8 - Medium-High Mphamvu Fastener Kalasi

1.1 Kutanthauzira kwa 8.8

Cholemba "8.8" ndi dzina la gulu la katundu lomwe limatanthauzidwa ndi ISO 898-1, muyezo wapadziko lonse lapansi wolamulira wamagetsi a carbon steel ndi alloy steel fasteners. Dongosolo la manambala awiri limayika magawo awiri ofunikira amakina:

● Nambala yoyamba (8): Imawonetsa gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a mphamvu zochepetsera mwadzina mu megapascals → 8 × 100 = 800 MPa mphamvu zosachepera zochepa.

● Nambala yachiwiri (.8): Imaimira chiwerengero cha zokolola → 0.8 × 800 = 640 MPa mphamvu zochepa zokolola.

Zomangira za Giredi 8.8 ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, zomangira mabawuti a hex, zomangira za hex cap, zomangira zapagalimoto, zomangira zomangira, zomangira zomangira zitsulo, zomangira zamagalimoto, ndi makina wamba.

Chithunzi 1. Mabawuti a hex a Giredi 8.8 okhala ndi chizindikiro cha katundu

1.2 Katundu Wamakina

Zomangamanga za Giredi 8.8 zimapangidwa kuchokera kuchitsulo chapakati cha kaboni ndipo zimazimitsidwa ndi kutenthetsa (Q&T) kuti akwaniritse magwiridwe antchito amakina. Katundu wofunikira pa ISO 898-1:

Katundu	Mtengo	Chigawo
Mphamvu Zochepa Zochepa (Rm)	800	MPa
Mphamvu Zochepa Zokolola (ReL)	640	MPa
Kutalikira Kwambiri Pambuyo pa Kusweka	≥ 12	%
Kulimba Kwambiri (HV)	250-310	HV
Kulimba Kwambiri kwa Q&T (HRC)	22–32	Mtengo wa HRC
Dzina la Bolt Diameter Range	M5 – M39	mm

Table 1. Zinthu zazikulu zamakina za giredi 8.8 zomangira pa ISO 898-1

1.3 Zida Zolimbikitsidwa

Kusankha zopangira zoyenera ndiye maziko opangira zomangira zodalirika za Giredi 8.8. Zitsulo zotsatirazi, zophatikizidwa ndi Q&T yoyenera, zimakwaniritsa magwiridwe antchito a Giredi 8.8:

● 35# Medium-Carbon Steel - Yoyenera zomangira zazing'ono (≤ M16). Zotsika mtengo, zolimba zolimba pambuyo pa Q&T.

● 45# Medium-Carbon Steel — Chosankha chodziwika kwambiri cha ma bawuti a Hex 8.8 ndi ma stud bolts. Makina abwino, makina okhazikika pambuyo pa Q&T.

● Chitsulo cha 40Cr Alloy - Chokonda ma bolts okulirapo (M20+). Kuphatikiza kwa Chromium kumapangitsa kulimba komanso kukhazikika kofanana m'magawo osiyanasiyana.

1.4 Kuyerekeza kwa Gulu

Gulu	Tensile (MPa)	Zokolola (MPa)	Zida Zolangizidwa
4.6	400	240	Chitsulo chochepa cha carbon, chosatenthedwa
4.8	420	340	Chitsulo chochepa cha carbon, chozizira
8.8	800	640	35 # / 45 # Chitsulo cha Carbon, 40Cr Aloyi Zitsulo; Q&T
10.9	1,040	940	40Cr, 35CrMo, 42CrMo, SCM435; Q&T
12.9	1,220	1,100	42CrMo4 / SCM440, 35CrMoV; Q&T 39-44 HRC

Table 2. Common fastener katundu makalasi ndi analimbikitsa zipangizo

2. Hex Bolts - Chomangira Chosiyanasiyana Kwambiri

2.1 Kodi Hex Bolt Ndi Chiyani?

Bawuti ya hex (bolt ya mutu wa hexagonal) ndi chomangira cha ulusi chokhala ndi mutu wambali zisanu ndi chimodzi, wopangidwa kuti ulowetsedwe m'mabowo m'magawo olumikizidwa ndikutetezedwa ndi mtedza wokwerera. Hexagonal geometry imalola ma wrench kapena socket kuchitapo kanthu kuchokera kumakona angapo, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza kwambiri komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale onse. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu:

● Hex Bolt (ISO 4014 / DIN 931) - Wopangidwa pang'ono: gawo lopanda ulusi la shank limapereka mphamvu zometa ubweya ndi kuyanjanitsa, koyenera kugwirizanitsa mapangidwe.

● Hex Cap Screw (ISO 4017 / DIN 933) - Ulusi wokwanira: ulusi umayenda utali wonse, woyenerera ntchito zomwe zimafuna kuti ulusi ugwirizane kwambiri.

Chithunzi 2. Anatomy ya hex bolt - zinthu zofunika kwambiri

2.2 Mitundu Yodziwika ya Hex Bolt & Zosiyanasiyana

● Hex Head Bolt / Cap Screw - Mutu wokhazikika wa mbali zisanu ndi chimodzi; zambiri zosunthika, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga, makina, magalimoto.

● Hex Flange Bolt - Integrated washer-ngati flange pansi pamutu; amagawa zolemetsa, zimachotsa chochapira chosiyana.

● Heavy Hex Bolt (ASTM A325) - Mutu wokulirapo wolumikizira zitsulo zamapangidwe; otchulidwa mu miyezo ya North America.

● Bolt wa Hex Lag / Carriage Bolt — Zosiyanasiyana zapadera zolumikizira matabwa ndi chitsulo ndi matabwa.

2.3 Makulidwe Wamba & Makulidwe

Kukula	Phokoso	Wrench	Mutu dia.	Mutu ht.	Shank dia.	Utali Wautali
M6	1.0	10 mm	10.0	4.0	6.0	16-60
M8	1.25	13 mm	13.0	5.3	8.0	20-80
M10	1.5	16 mm	16.0	6.4	10.0	25-100
M12	1.75	18 mm	18.0	7.5	12.0	30-120
M16	2.0	24 mm	24.0	10.0	16.0	40-150
M20	2.5	30 mm	30.0	12.5	20.0	50-200
M24	3.0	36 mm	36.0	15.0	24.0	60-240

Table 3. Giredi 8.8 hex bawuti miyeso pa ISO 4014 / ISO 4017

3. Maboti a Hex Giredi 8.8 - Kusankha & Kugwiritsa Ntchito

3.1 Chithandizo Chapamwamba

Kusankhidwa kwa chithandizo chapamwamba kumatengera malo ogwirira ntchito komanso zofunikira zachitetezo cha dzimbiri. Zosankha zodziwika bwino zamaboti a Grade 8.8 hex ndi awa:

● Zinc Plating (Electroplated) - Kukana kwachuma, kuchepa kwa dzimbiri; kusankha wokhazikika kwa malo amkati ndi ofatsa.

● Kutentha kwa Dip - Chophimba cha zinki chokhuthala kuti chiwoneke panja ndi m'madzi; amafuna mtedza wodulidwa mochulukira.

● Kupaka kwa Dacromet - Njira yopanda chromium, yogwirizana ndi chilengedwe; kukana kwambiri mchere-kupopera popanda chiwopsezo cha hydrogen embrittlement. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito zamagalimoto komanso zamapangidwe.

● Kupaka kwa Ruspert - Zosakaniza zitatu za organic / zinc; nyengo yabwino kwambiri, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchulidwa m'mafakitale aku Japan.

3.2 Upangiri Woyika

● Gwiritsani ntchito mtedza wa Grade 8 kuti mugwirizane ndi mphamvu za ulusi.

● Ikani makokedwe omangitsa otchulidwa pa pepala la wopanga; kumangitsa kwambiri kungayambitse kulephera kwa bawuti.

● Onjezani ulusi musanagwiritse ntchito torque — friction coefficient imakhudza kwambiri zomwe zakwaniritsidwa kale.

● Onetsetsani kuti ulusi umodzi wathunthu watuluka pamwamba pa nati mukaumanga.

● Peŵani kugwiritsanso ntchito mabawuti a Giredi 8.8 polumikizana ndi makonzedwe ovuta kwambiri mutatsegulanso ma torque athunthu.

3.3 Miyezo & Chitsimikizo

Maboti a Grade 8.8 hex amapangidwa ndikuyesedwa molingana ndi:

● ISO 898-1 - Zipangizo zamakina zomangira zopangidwa ndi chitsulo cha carbon ndi alloy steel.

● ISO 4014 - Maboliti a hex okhala ndi shank yopangidwa pang'ono (miyeso).

● ISO 4017 — Zomangira za hex cap zokhala ndi ulusi wathunthu (miyeso).

● Ziphaso zoyezetsa zinthu zonse (MTC) pa EN 10204 3.1 zopezeka mukafunsidwa.

Quick Reference

Gulu	Zida Zolangizidwa	Mitundu Yodziwika Yogulitsa	Kutentha Chithandizo
8.8	35# / 45# Carbon Steel 40Cr Aloyi Zitsulo	Hex Bolt, Hex Cap Screw, Carriage Bolt, Stud Bolt	Kuchepetsa & Kuchepetsa