
Inhlanganisela egxilile yamantongomane wewasha yebhawudi ivamise ukwakhiwa kusuka ezintweni ezihlukene zekhwalithi ephezulu, ezikhethwa ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zohlelo lokusebenza zamandla, ukuqina, nokumelana nokugqwala. I-Carbon steel iyisisekelo esisetshenziswa kabanzi, ikakhulukazi emabangeni afana no-4.8, 8.8, no-10.9.
Inhlanganisela yamantongomane we-bolt washer izinhlanganisela ezigxilile ngokuvamile zenziwa kusukela ezintweni ezihlukahlukene zekhwalithi ephezulu, ezikhethwa ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zohlelo lokusebenza zamandla, ukuqina, nokumelana nokugqwala. I-Carbon steel iyisisekelo esisetshenziswa kabanzi, ikakhulukazi emabangeni afana no-4.8, 8.8, no-10.9. Insimbi ye-carbon steel yebanga eliphansi - grade 4.8 inikeza amandla ayisisekelo futhi ifanele imisebenzi evamile yokubopha inhloso lapho izidingo zomthwalo zingekho phezulu kakhulu. Insimbi ye-carbon grade ephakeme, efana no-8.8 kanye no-10.9, ingaba ukushisa - iphathwa ukuze ithuthukise amandla ayo aqinile, ukuqina, nokuqina, iyenze ikwazi ukumelana nemithwalo esindayo kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezinzima kakhulu. Ukuze kuvikelwe izingxenye zensimbi ye-carbon steel ekugqwaleni, ukwelashwa kwendawo okuvamile kufaka i-zinc plating, i-black oxide coating, kanye ne-hot - dip galvanizing.
Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu, insimbi engagqwali iyona ekhethwayo. Insimbi engagqwali amabanga 304 kanye 316 avame ukusetshenziswa. Insimbi engagqwali engu-304 ihlinzeka ngokujwayelekile okuhle - ukuvikela ukugqwala kwenhloso, okuyenza ifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza zasendlini neziningi zangaphandle ezinokuchayeka kwemvelo okulingene. I-316 insimbi engagqwali, enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-molybdenum, inikeza ukumelana okuthuthukisiwe kumakhemikhali anokhahlo, amanzi anosawoti, nezimo ezimbi kakhulu, okuyenza ibe ilungele izimboni zasolwandle, amakhemikhali, nezokucubungula ukudla, kanye namaphrojekthi angaphandle ezindaweni ezisogwini.
Ama-washers ekuhlanganiseni angenziwa ngezinto ezifanayo njengama-bolts namantongomane noma ezintweni ezikhethekile. Isibonelo, amawasha asentwasahlobo enziwa ngensimbi ye-spring - grade carbon noma insimbi engagqwali ukuze anikeze ukunwebeka futhi avimbele ukuxega ngenxa yokudlidliza. Amawasha ayisicaba angenziwa ngezinto zensimbi njengensimbi noma ithusi ukuze kusatshalaliswe umthwalo, noma ngezinto ezingezona ezensimbi njengenayiloni noma i-fiber yokufaka ugesi, ukudambisa ukudlidliza, nokuvikela izindawo ezithambile.
Ulayini womkhiqizo wezinhlanganisela ezihleliwe ze-bolt washer nut uhlanganisa amamodeli ahlukene ahlukaniswe ngosayizi, uhlobo lwentambo, ibanga lempahla, kanye nohlobo lwewasha:
Amasethi Enhlanganisela Ajwayelekile: Lezi izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu, ezitholakala ngebanga elibanzi losayizi wemethrikhi kanye ne-imperial. Osayizi bemethrikhi ngokuvamile basukela ku-M3 ukuya ku-M36, kuyilapho osayizi be-imperial bemboza kusukela kokungu-4 kuye ku-1 - 1/2". Amasethi ajwayelekile afaka ibhawudi elivamile - lentambo, inadi elihambisanayo, namawasha ayisicaba eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Afanele ukuqiniswa kwenjongo evamile ekwakheni, ekwenzeni ifenisha, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemishini elula, ehlinzeka ngesisombululo sokubopha esiyisisekelo nesithembekile.
High - Amandla Inhlanganisela Amasethi: Iklanyelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisindayo, amasethi anamandla aphezulu enziwa ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo zebanga eliphakeme, ngokuvamile insimbi ye-alloy enamamaki anamandla afana no-12.9 wamabhawudi. Lawa masethi anamabhawodi amakhulu - ububanzi namantongomane aminyene namawasha ukuze abambe amandla abalulekile aqinile nokugunda. Zibalulekile kuzilungiselelo zezimboni zokuvikela imishini esindayo, izingxenye zesakhiwo esikhulu, kanye nemishini esebenza ngaphansi kwemithwalo ephezulu nokudlidliza. Amasethi anamandla aphezulu angase futhi ahlanganise amawasha akhethekile, njengamawasha ekhiya, ukuvimbela ukuxega ngaphansi kwemithwalo eguquguqukayo.
Okukhethekile - Amasethi Enhlanganisela Yesici:
I-Anti - Corrosion Combination Sets: Lawa masethi akhiwe ngezinto ezenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali noma ngensimbi ye-carbon enokwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe okuqeda ukugqwala, okufana ne-hot-dip galvanizing kanye ne-Dacromet coating. Zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinokhahlo, njengezindawo ezisogwini, izindawo zezimboni ezinokungcoliswa okuphezulu, noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zangaphandle ezichayeke kumswakama namakhemikhali, okuqinisekisa ukwethembeka nokuqina kwesikhathi eside.
Amasethi Okuhlanganiswa Okugqunyiwe: Ezinhlelo zokusebenza zikagesi noma eziphezulu, amasethi afakwe i-insulated asetshenziswa. Amabhawudi, amantongomane, namawasha agqinsiwe noma enziwe ngezinto zokuvikela ukushisa, njengenayiloni noma irabha, ukuvimbela ukuqhutshwa kukagesi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokufakwa futhi kuvimbela ama-short - circuits, okwenza afaneleke ukuhlanganiswa kwamaphaneli kagesi, ukufakwa kwemishini yamandla, kanye neminye imisebenzi kagesi.
Self - Locking Inhlanganisela Amasethi: Ifaka amantongomane azikhiyelayo noma amawasha akhethekile anezindlela zokukhiya, lawa masethi anikeza ukumelana okuthuthukisiwe ekuxegisweni. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni lapho ukudlidliza noma ukunyakaza kungabangela izixhumo ezivamile ukuba zixege, njengezinjini zezimoto, izinto zokuhamba, kanye nemishini esebenza ngokuqhubekayo.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlanganisela ezigxilile ze-bolt washer nut kuhilela izinyathelo ezinembayo eziningi kanye nekhwalithi eqinile - izinyathelo zokulawula zengxenye ngayinye:
Ukukhiqiza Ibholidi
Ukulungiselela Material: Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zekhwalithi ephezulu, njengezinsimbi zensimbi noma izinduku, zithathwa futhi zihlolwe ngokucophelela ukuze kutholwe ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, izici zemishini, kanye nekhwalithi yendawo. Izinto zensimbi zibe sezisikwa zibe ubude obufanele ngokwezidingo zosayizi webhawodi.
Ukubumba: Amabhawodi ensimbi ajwayele ukwakhiwa ngezinqubo zokubumba ezibandayo - zesihloko noma ezishisayo. Isihloko esibandayo sivamile kumabhawodi anosayizi omncane, abumba insimbi ibe yinhloko efunwayo, i-shank, kanye nentambo kusetshenziswa i-dies in multiple stages. I-Hot - forging isetshenziswa kumabhawodi amakhulu noma aphezulu, lapho insimbi ifudunyezwa futhi ibunjwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu ukuze kuzuzwe amandla adingekayo kanye nokunemba kobukhulu.
Uchungechunge: Ngemva kokwakhiwa, amabhawodi enza imisebenzi yokuthungatha. Ukugoqa intambo kuyindlela ekhethwayo njengoba kwakha intambo enamandla ngokubanda - ukusebenza kwensimbi, ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokukhathala. Ukufa okukhethekile kochungechunge kuqinisekisa ukunemba kokuphakama kwentambo, iphrofayela, nokuhambisana namantongomane.
Ukwelashwa Kokushisa (kumabhawodi anamandla aphezulu): Amandla aphezulu ensimbi ye-carbon steel noma amabhawodi ensimbi ye-alloy angase athole ukushisa - izinqubo zokwelashwa ezifana nokucwiliswa, ukucisha, kanye nokufudumeza ukuze kuthuthukiswe izici zabo zokusebenza.
Ukukhiqiza Amantongomane
Ukulungiselela Material: Ngokufana namabhawudi, izinto zokusetshenziswa zamantongomane ziyahlolwa futhi zisikwe ngosayizi.
Ukubumba: Amantongomane avame ukwakhiwa yizinqubo ezibandayo zesihloko noma zemishini. Okubandayo - isihloko sisebenza kahle ngobuningi - sikhiqiza amantongomane ajwayelekile, kuyilapho umshini womshini ungase usetshenziselwe amantongomane akhethekile noma anembe kakhulu.
Uchungechunge: Imicu kumantongomane iyasikwa noma yakhiwe ukuze ifane namabhawodi ahambisanayo ngokunembile, okuqinisekisa ukulingana okufanele.
Ukukhiqiza Washer
Ukulungiselela Material: Ngokuya ngohlobo lwewashi nezinto ezibonakalayo (insimbi noma engeyona eyensimbi), izinto zokusetshenziswa ziyalungiswa. Kuma-washers ensimbi, amashidi ensimbi noma ethusi anqunywa usayizi ofanele. Izinto ezingezona ezensimbi njengenayiloni zivame ukuba sesimweni se-pellet ukuze zibunjwe umjovo.
Ukubumba: Amawasha ensimbi ngokuvamile akhiwa ngokugxivizwa noma ngokushaya ngamashidi ayisicaba. Amawasha okungewona awensimbi, njengamawasha enayiloni, akhiqizwa ngokubunjwa komjovo, lapho impahla incibilika futhi ijovelwe endaweni yokukhunta ukuze kwakheke umumo wewasha.
Umhlangano
Ngemva kokukhiqiza izingxenye ngazinye, zihlanganiswa zibe amasethi. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise izinqubo ezizenzakalelayo noma ezenziwa ngesandla ukuze kuqinisekiswe inhlanganisela efanele yebhawudi, nati, namawasha. Amasethi ahlanganisiwe abe esepakishwa ukuze asatshalaliswe.
Ukuhlolwa Kwekhwalithi
Yonke inqwaba yamasethi enhlanganisela ihlolwa ngokucophelela. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Dimensional kwenziwa kumabhawodi, amantongomane, namawasha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ayahlangabezana namazinga. Ukuhlolwa kwemishini, okufana namandla okuqina amabhawodi, ukuhlolwa kwetorque kwamantongomane, nokuhlolwa kokuqina, kuyenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe umthwalo - umthamo wokuthwala nokuqina. Kumasethi wesici esikhethekile, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, okufana nokumelana nokufakwa kwe-insulation kumasethi afakwe i-insulated noma ukusebenza kokukhiya kwamasethi wokuzikhiya, kwenziwa. Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kwenziwa futhi ukuze kuhlolwe ukonakala kwendawo, ukuqhekeka, noma ukuqedwa okungafanele. Amasethi kuphela aphumelela zonke izivivinyo zekhwalithi agunyazwe ukudayiswa.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kanye nempilo yokuphila kwezinhlanganisela ezingaguquki ze-bolt washer nut, kusetshenziswa izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zokwelashwa kwendawo:
I-Zinc Plating: Ukwelashwa okuvamile kwezingxenye ze-carbon steel, i-zinc plating ihlanganisa i-electroplating ungqimba oluncane lwe-zinc ebusweni. Lokhu kunikeza ukuvikelwa kokugqwala okuyisisekelo ngokusebenza njengesithiyo somhlatshelo, lapho i-zinc igqwala ngokukhethekile ukuze ivikele insimbi engaphansi. Ilungele ezindlini nezincane - izicelo zangaphandle ezigqwalayo.
Kuyashisa - Dip Galvanizing: Kule nqubo, izakhi ziqale zisuswe amafutha futhi zifakwe emanzini anosawoti, bese ziyaguquguquka futhi zicwiliswe kubhavu we-zinc oncibilikisiwe ongaba ngu-450 - 460°C. I-zinc ihlangana ne-ayoni esensimbini yakhe i-zinc - izingqimba ze-iron alloy kanye nongqimba olungaphandle lwezinki. I-coating ewumphumela ewugqinsi futhi ehlala isikhathi eside inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, okuyenza ilungele ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle isikhathi eside kanye nezindawo ezinokhahlo.
I-Black oxide Coating: I-black oxide coating yakha ungqimba oluncane, olumnyama, nokugqwala - ukumelana nezingxenye zensimbi ye-carbon ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali. Ayihlinzeki nje ngokuvikeleka kokugqwala kodwa futhi inikeza izingxenye ukubukeka okukhangayo, okufanayo, okuvame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni lapho kudingeka khona ubuhle nokumelana nokugqwala okumaphakathi.
I-Stainless Steel Passivation: Ezingxenyeni zensimbi engagqwali, ukwelashwa kwe-passivation kuhilela ukusebenzisa isixazululo se-asidi ukususa ukungcola okungaphezulu, izinhlayiya zensimbi, nokuthuthukisa ungqimba lwe-oxide yemvelo ye-passive. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinama-ion e-chloride noma ezinye izinto ezonakalisayo.
Izingubo Ezikhethekile: Ezinye izakhi zingase zithole izambatho ezikhethekile. Izembatho ze-Teflon zingasetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana ngesikhathi sokufakwa nokusetshenziswa, okwenza kube lula ukuqinisa nokukhulula ama-bolts. Izingubo zokulwa nokuhuzuka zivikela indawo engaphezulu ekuklwebheni nasekulimaleni, kuyilapho izimbotshana zokunqanda ukubamba zivimbela izingxenye ekubambeni ndawonye ngenxa ye-oxidation noma ukuchayeka kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
Inhlanganisela ye-bolt washer nut fixed isetshenziswa kabanzi kuzo zonke izimboni nezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi:
Imboni Yezokwakha: Ekwakhiweni, lezi zinhlanganisela zisetshenziselwa ukubopha izakhiwo zokhuni, uhlaka lwensimbi, kanye nokufaka izingxenye zesakhiwo. Zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuzinza nobuqotho bezakhiwo, kungaba ezakhiweni zokuhlala, ezohwebo, noma zezimboni. Isibonelo, asetshenziselwa ukuvikela imishayo, ama-joists, nama-wall panel, kanye nokufaka izinto zokusebenza nemishini.
Imboni Yokukhiqiza: Ezimbonini ezikhiqizayo, amasethi ahlanganisiwe asetshenziswa ukuhlanganisa imishini, izinto zokusebenza, kanye nemikhiqizo. Zisetshenziswa emigqeni yokuhlangana, ezitolo zemishini, nasezindaweni zokugcina impahla ukuze kuhlanganiswe izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ngokunembile. Ukusuka ezingxenyeni eziwumshini zezikali ezincane kuya kumishini yezimboni ezinkulu, lezi zinhlanganisela zinikeza izixazululo ezithembekile zokubopha.
Ezezimoto Nezokuthutha: Embonini yezimoto, zisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa kwezimoto, okuhlanganisa ukunamathisela amaphaneli omzimba, izinjini, ukuthunyelwa, nezinye izingxenye. Emkhakheni wezokuthutha, njengamaloli, izitimela, nemikhumbi, amasethi amantongomane we-bolt washer abalulekile ekuvikeleni izingxenye zesakhiwo, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwezimoto ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Ezogesi neze-elekthronikhi: Ekufakweni kukagesi, amasethi enhlanganisela afakwe i-insulated asetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukuqhutshwa kukagesi, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezinhlelo zikagesi. Asetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa amaphaneli kagesi, ama-switchgear, kanye nemishini kagesi, lapho kudingeka khona ukuhlukaniswa kukagesi.
Ifenisha kanye Nokwenza Ngokhuni: Ukwenza ifenisha nokusebenza ngokhuni, lezi zinhlanganisela zisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa izingcezu zefenisha yokhuni, njengamatafula, izihlalo, namakhabethe. Ama-washers ayisicaba asiza ukusabalalisa umthwalo ngokulinganayo, ukuvimbela ukulimala kwezinkuni, kuyilapho ama-bolts namantongomane ehlinzeka ngokuxhuma okuphephile.
Isondlo kanye Nokulungisa: Emsebenzini wokunakekela nowokulungisa kuzo zonke izimboni, inhlanganisela yamasethi wamantongomane we-bolt washer abalulekile. Zisetshenziselwa ukushintsha izibophelelo ezigugile - ezigugile noma ezilimele, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo nokuphepha kwemishini nezakhiwo.
Ukunethezeka kanye Nempumelelo: Ngokuhlanganisa ama-bolt, amantongomane, namawasha kube yisethi eyodwa, izinqubo zokufaka ziyalungiswa. Abasebenzisi abadingi ukuthola izingxenye ngazinye ngokwehlukana, konga isikhathi nokunciphisa ubungozi bokusebenzisa izingxenye ezingahambelani. Lokhu lula kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokufaka kumaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene, kusukela ekwakhiweni kwezinga elikhulu kuye emisebenzini emincane ye-DIY.
I-Fastening Ethembekile: Inhlanganisela yama-bolts, amantongomane, namawasha inikeza isisombululo esinokwethenjelwa nesivikelekile sokubopha. Amawasha asiza ukusabalalisa umthwalo ngokulinganayo, avimbele ukulimala kwezinto eziboshiwe futhi anciphise ingozi yokuxega. Ukumataniswa okufanele kwamabhawodi namantongomane kuqinisekisa ukulingana okuqinile, okukwazi ukumelana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zemithwalo yemishini, okuhlanganisa ukushuba, ukugunda, nokudlidliza.
Ukuguquguquka: Itholakala ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, izinto zokwakha, kanye nemiklamo, amasethi enhlanganisela angashintshwa kalula ngezidingo ezahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umsebenzi wokuhlanganisa umsebenzi omncane noma osindayo - ukuxhuma kwesakhiwo, kukhona isethi efanelekayo etholakalayo. Okukhethekile - amasethi ezici, njenge-anti - corrosion, i-insulated, nezinhlobo zokuzikhiya, ngokuqhubekayo andisa uhlelo lwazo lohlelo ezindaweni ezikhethekile.
Izindleko - Ziyasebenza: Ukuthenga izingxenye njengesethi kuvame ukuba nezindleko ezingaphezulu - kuphumelele kunokuthenga ngazodwana. Ukwengeza, isikhathi esincishisiwe sokufaka kanye nokuthembeka kwesixazululo sokuqiniswa kunomthelela ekongeni kwezindleko kukonke kumaphrojekthi ngokunciphisa isidingo sokuphinda kusetshenzwe futhi kulungiswe ngenxa yokuhluleka kokuqina.
Ukuphepha Okuthuthukisiwe: Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukuphepha kubaluleke kakhulu, njengasemsebenzini wokwakha, ezokuthutha, kanye nomsebenzi kagesi, ukusetshenziswa kwenhlanganisela yamasethi anezici ezifanele (isb., amasethi afakwe i-insulated okuphepha kukagesi, amasethi anamandla aphezulu obuqotho besakhiwo) kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezisebenzi nokuthembeka kwezinhlelo.