
Iiwasha zasentwasahlobo zenziwe ngokugqithisileyo ukusuka kwizinto ezisemgangathweni ophezulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kunye nokuqina. I-Carbon steel yinto esetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kaninzi kumabanga afana ne-65Mn okanye i-70, enokuthi ibe nobushushu - iphathwa ukunyusa ukuqina kwayo kunye nokumelana nokudinwa.
Iiwasha zasentwasahlobo zenziwa ubukhulu becala ukusuka kwizinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kunye nokuqina. Intsimbi yekhabhoni sisixhobo esisetyenziswa kakhulu, rhoqo kumabanga afana ne-65Mn okanye i-70, enokuba bubushushu-inyangwa ukomeleza ukuqina kwayo kunye nokumelana nokudinwa. Ukushisa-iphathwe nge-carbon steel spring washers inika ukomelela okugqwesileyo, okubavumela ukuba bagcine uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo kumalungu aqiniweyo kunye nokuthintela ukukhulula okubangelwa kukungcangcazela okanye imithwalo eguqukayo.
Kwizicelo ezifuna ukuxhathisa okuphezulu kwe-corrosion, insimbi engenasici yinto ekhethiweyo. Imigangatho yensimbi engenasici efana ne-304 kunye ne-316 isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, inika ukhuseleko oluphezulu malunga nokugqwala kunye nokubola kweekhemikhali. Oku kubenza bafanelekele ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezibuhlungu, kubandakanywa iindawo zaselwandle, izityalo zemichiza, kunye nofakelo lwangaphandle. Ukongezelela, i-copper - i-alloy spring washers iqeshwe kwiimeko ezithile apho ukuhanjiswa kombane kunye neempawu zokulwa ne-galling zifunekayo, ezifana nokudibanisa kombane. Ezinye iiwasha zasentlakohlaza zisenokubonisa unyango olungaphezulu olufana ne-zinc plating, i-black oxide coating, okanye i-dacromet yokwambathisa ukuqhubela phambili ukomeleza ukuxhathisa umhlwa kunye nokuphucula inkangeleko.
Umgca wemveliso yeewasha zasentwasahlobo ubandakanya iimodeli ezahlukeneyo ezihlelwe ngokuyilwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo:
IiWasher zaseNtwasahlobo ze-Helical eziqhelekileyo: Ezi zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo, ezibonisa i-helical - shaped structure. Zifumaneka kuluhlu olubanzi lweesayizi, ezihambelana ne-bolt kunye ne-screw diameters, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-M2 ukuya kwi-M36 okanye i-1/8 "ukuya kwi-1 - 1/2". Iiwasha zasentwasahlobo eziqhelekileyo zifanelekile ngokubanzi-ukusetyenziswa kwenjongo, ukubonelela ngesiseko sokuchasa ukukhulula ukusebenza kwiindibano zoomatshini, njengamacandelo eemoto, izixhobo zefenitshala, kunye nezixhobo zendlu.
Iiwashi zaseNtwasahlobo zamaza: Ziphawulwa ngamaza azo - njengeprofayile, ezi washers zibonelela ngokusasazwa okufanayo kwamandla entwasahlobo kuwo wonke umhlaba oqiniweyo. Zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizicelo apho indawo incinci okanye iprofayili ethambileyo ifuneka. Iiwasha zasentwasahlobo zamaza ziyafumaneka kuzo zombini ii-single-wave kunye noyilo lwamaza amaninzi, kwaye ziza ngobukhulu obufana neewasha zasentwasahlobo eziqhelekileyo. Zilungele ukuchaneka koomatshini, izixhobo zombane, kunye nezixhobo zonyango, apho uxinzelelo olungaguqukiyo kunye nofakelo olubambeneyo lubalulekile.
Belleville Spring washers: Imile njenge-conical disc, i-Belleville spring washers inokuvelisa amandla aphezulu e-axial kunye nokuphambuka okuncinci. Ziyilelwe ukuba zimelane nemithwalo enzima kwaye ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ezinje ngoomatshini bemizi-mveliso, izixhobo ze-oyile kunye negesi, kunye nezixhobo ze-aerospace. I-Belleville spring washers ifumaneka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo kunye nobubanzi, kwaye inokupakishwa kuthotho okanye ngokuhambelanayo ukulungelelanisa amandla asentwasahlobo ngokweemfuno ezithile.
Tshixa iiWasher zaseNtwasahlobo: Yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kokukhulula ukukhulula, iiwasha zasentwasahlobo ezitshixayo zinokuba neempawu ezongezelelweyo ezifana neencam ezinqamlezileyo okanye uyilo olwahlulahlulwe. Iiwasha ezitshixayo ziluma kwindawo yokukhwelana, zinyusa ukukhuhlana kunye nokuthintela ukujikeleza. Ukwahlula iiwasha zokutshixa, kunye noyilo lwazo ezimbini-ziqhekeza, zenza isenzo sokutshixa xa zixinzelelwe, zibonelela ngoqhagamshelwano olukhuselekileyo. Ezi washer zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiinjini zeemoto, izixhobo zokwakha, kunye nezinye izicelo apho ukuxhathisa ukungcangcazela kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukuveliswa kweewasha zasentwasahlobo kubandakanya iindlela ezichanekileyo zokuvelisa kunye nomgangatho ongqongqo - amanyathelo okulawula:
Ukulungiselela Izinto Eziluncedo: Iikhoyili zetsimbi ezikumgangatho ophezulu, nokuba yintsimbi ye-carbon, insimbi engenasici, okanye i-alloy yobhedu, ikhethiweyo kwaye ikhutshwe. Izinto ke zihlolwe umgangatho womphezulu, ukuqina kokuqina, kunye neempawu zoomatshini ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokuvelisa.
Ukubumba: Ukuhlamba i-helical spring washers, umgca wetsimbi ugqithwa ngomatshini ojikelezayo okanye wokunyathela, owubumba kwifom ye-helical. Iiwasha zasentlakohlaza zamaza zenziwe kusetyenziswa iidizi ezikhethekileyo ezigqithisa amaza - njengeprofayile, ngelixa iiwasha zasentlakohlaza zaseBelleville zenziwe ngokunyathela okanye ukwenza imilo econical ukusuka kwidiski yesinyithi esicaba. Iiwasha zasentlakohlaza ezitshixayo zinokuthatha amanyathelo ongezelelweyo okwenza iiserati okanye uyilo lokwahlulahlula.
Unyango lobushushu (lwentsimbi yekhabhoni): Iiwasha zentsimbi zekhabhoni ziqhele ubushushu- zinyangwa ukuze ziphucule iimpawu zazo zoomatshini. Inkqubo idla ngokuquka ukuthomalalisa ukuthomalalisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, ukucima ukunyusa ubulukhuni, kunye nokuthomalalisa ukubuyisela ukuguquguquka okuthile kunye nokwandisa ukuqina. Lo mjikelo wobushushu wonyango uqinisekisa ukuba iiwasha zinokufunxa ngokufanelekileyo ukungcangcazela kwaye zigcine amandla entwasahlobo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Unyango loMphezulu: Ukuphucula ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion kunye nokubonakala, i-spring washers inokungena kumphezulu - iinkqubo zonyango. I-Zinc plating ibandakanya ukucwiliswa kwe-washers kwi-zinc - bath ecebileyo, ukudala uluhlu olukhuselayo. I-black oxide coating yenza umhlwa, umnyama, u-corrosion - umaleko onganyangekiyo kumphezulu. I-Dacromet coating, unyango oluphezulu kakhulu, lubonelela ngokhuseleko oluphezulu lwe-corrosion kwaye luhlala lusetyenziselwa izicelo zokusebenza eziphezulu.
Ukuhlolwa koMgangatho: Ibhetshi nganye yeewasha zasentwasahlobo ihlolwe ngokungqongqo. Iitshekhi zeDimensional ziqinisekisa ukuba i-diameter yangaphandle, idiameter yangaphakathi, kunye nobukhulu iyahlangabezana nemigangatho echaziweyo. Iimvavanyo ze-elasticity ziqhutyelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-washers inokuvelisa kwaye igcine amandla afunekayo entwasahlobo. Uhlolo olubonakalayo lwenziwa ukukhangela iziphene zomphezulu, ezinje ngeentanda, i-burrs, okanye i-coatings engalinganiyo. Kuphela iiwasha eziphumelele zonke iimvavanyo zomgangatho zivunyiwe ukupakishwa kunye nokuhanjiswa.
Iiwasha zasentwasahlobo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa koomatshini:
Ushishino lweemoto: Kwimveliso yeemoto, iiwasha zasentwasahlobo zibalulekile ekukhuseleni amacandelo e-injini, iindawo zokunqunyanyiswa, kunye neendibano zomzimba. Banqanda iibholiti kunye namantongomane ukuba akhululeke ngenxa yokungcangcazela kweenjini kunye nokuphazamiseka kwendlela, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwezithuthi.
I-Aerospace kunye ne-Aviation: Kwizicelo ze-aerospace, apho ukuchaneka kunye nokhuseleko kubaluleke kakhulu, i-spring washers isetyenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa kweenjini zeenqwelo-moya, amaphiko, kunye ne-fuselages. Izinto zokusebenza eziphezulu ezifana nentsimbi engatyiwa kunye nonyango olukhethekileyo lomphezulu zisetyenziselwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zokunciphisa ubunzima, ukuxhathisa umhlwa, kunye namandla okudinwa.
Oomatshini boShishino: Kwizicwangciso zemizi-mveliso, iiwasha zasentwasahlobo zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisa oomatshini abanzima, njengeenkqubo zokuhambisa, iimpompo kunye neejenereyitha. Banceda ukugcina ingqibelelo yokudibanisa phantsi komsebenzi oqhubekayo kunye nemithwalo enzima, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kwezixhobo ngenxa yamacandelo akhululekile.
I-Electronics kunye neZixhobo zoMbane: Kushishino lombane, iiwasha zasentwasahlobo zamaza kunye neendawo ezincinci zokuhlamba eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukukhusela iibhodi zeesekethe, izihlanganisi kunye neendawo ezivaliweyo. Ukukwazi kwabo ukubonelela ngoxinzelelo olungaguqukiyo ngaphandle kokonakalisa izinto ezicekethekileyo kubenza balungele iindibano ze-elektroniki ezichanekileyo.
Ulwakhiwo kunye neZiseko zoPhuhliso: Kwiiprojekthi zolwakhiwo, iiwasha zasentwasahlobo zisetyenziselwa ukuqhoboshela izinto zesakhiwo, ezinjengeentsimbi zentsimbi, iintsimbi, iintsimbi kunye nesikafula. Baqinisekisa ukuba uqhagamshelo luhlala luqinile naphantsi kwemithwalo eguquguqukayo kunye noxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo ekuhlangatyenwe nalo ekwakhiweni kwebhulorho.
Anti olusebenzayo - Ukukhulula: Iiwashi zasentwasahlobo zibonelela ngesisombululo esithembekileyo sokuchasana nokukhulula ngokufaka amandla aqhubekayo a-elastic phakathi kwe-nut okanye intloko ye-bolt kunye nomgangatho oqiniweyo. La mandla aphikisana nokungcangcazela kunye nemikhosi ejikelezayo, ukuthintela amantongomane kunye neebholiti ukuba zikhululeke ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kweendibano zoomatshini.
Ukuguquguquka: Ifumaneka kuluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo, ubungakanani, kunye noyilo, i-spring washers inokwenziwa lula ukuba ihambelane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zesicelo. Nokuba sisixhobo sombane esincinci okanye umatshini omkhulu woshishino, kukho imodeli efanelekileyo yewasha yasentwasahlobo yomsebenzi.
Iindleko - Ezisebenzayo: Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuchasana nokukhulula, ezifana nentambo - i-adhesives yokutshixa okanye i-fasteners ekhethekileyo, i-spring washers inikezela ngeendleko-isisombululo esisebenzayo. Azibizi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa ukwenziwa kunye nokuzifaka, nto leyo ezenza zibe lukhetho oludumileyo kuzo zombini iinkqubo zokuvelisa umthamo ophezulu kunye nokugcinwa kwazo.
Ukufakela okulula kunye nokususwa: Izixhobo zokuhlamba zasentwasahlobo zilula ukuzifaka kunye nokususa, zifuna kuphela izixhobo ezisisiseko zesandla. Uyilo lwabo oluchanekileyo luvumela ukudibanisa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuchithwa, ukunciphisa ixesha lokugcinwa kunye neendleko zabasebenzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo.
Ihlala ixesha elide kwaye ihlala ixesha elide: Yakhiwe kwizinto ezisemgangathweni ophezulu kwaye zihlala ziphathwa ngokuphuculwa ukusebenza, iiwashi zasentwasahlobo zinexesha elide lenkonzo. Bangakwazi ukumelana nemijikelo yokulayisha kunye nokukhupha ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kunye nokuvezwa kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhambelanayo kubo bonke ubomi babo.