
Izikhonkwane zemisonto zidla ngokuyilwa ukusuka kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zemathiriyeli ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezikhethwe ngokusekwe kwiimfuno ezikhethekileyo zezicelo ezahlukeneyo malunga nokomelela, ukuqina, kunye nokumelana nomhlwa. Intsimbi yeCarbon ime njengenye yezona zinto zixhaphakileyo, ngakumbi kumabanga afana ne-4.8, 8.8, kunye ne-10.9.
Iintambo zomsonto zidla ngokuyilwa ukusuka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zomgangatho ophezulu, ezikhethwe ngokusekwe kwiimfuno ezithile zezicelo ezahlukeneyo malunga nokomelela, ukuqina, kunye nokuxhathisa umhlwa. Intsimbi yeCarbon ime njengenye yezona zinto zixhaphakileyo, ngakumbi kumabanga afana ne-4.8, 8.8, kunye ne-10.9. Umgangatho ophantsi we-4.8 carbon steel unika amandla asisiseko, okwenza ukuba afaneleke ngokubanzi - imisebenzi yokuqinisa injongo apho iimfuno zomthwalo zingangqongqo kakhulu. Ngokuchaseneyo, iintsimbi zekhabhoni zodidi oluphezulu ezifana ne-8.8 kunye ne-10.9 zinokufumana unyango lobushushu ukuze zongeze amandla azo okuqina, ukuqina, kunye nokuqina. Olu lwando lubenza bakwazi ukunyamezela imithwalo enzima kunye noxinzelelo olunzima ngakumbi lomatshini, lubenza balungele iiprojekthi zemizi-mveliso kunye nezokwakha ezifuna uqinisekiso oluqinileyo. Ukukhusela izikhonkwane zemisonto yentsimbi yekhabhoni ekumdleni, unyango oluqhelekileyo lomphezulu lubandakanya i-zinc plating, i-black oxide coating, kunye ne-hot-dip galvanizing.
Intsimbi engenastainless yenye imathiriyeli ebalulekileyo, enamabakala 304 kunye nama-316 asetyenziswa ngokubanzi. I-304 insimbi engenasici inikezela ngokwanelisayo ngokubanzi-injongo yokuxhathisa ukubola, iyenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwangaphakathi kunye neemeko ezininzi zangaphandle kunye nokuvezwa okuphakathi kokusingqongileyo. I-316 intsimbi engenastainless, ngenxa yomxholo wayo ophezulu we-molybdenum, ibonelela ngokumelana okuphezulu neekhemikhali ezirhabaxa, amanzi etyuwa, kunye neemeko ezigqithisileyo. Ngenxa yoko, yimathiriyeli ekhethwayo kumashishini afana nolwandle, imichiza, kunye nokulungiswa kokutya, kunye neeprojekthi zangaphandle kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni okanye kwiindawo zokufuma okuphezulu.
Kwizicelo ezikhethekileyo apho ukusebenza okuphezulu kubaluleke kakhulu, intsimbi yealloy iyangena. Intsimbi yealloyi, equlethe izinto ezifana nechromium, imolybdenum, ivanadium, kunye nenickel, inokuba bubushushu-inyangwa ukufezekisa iipropathi ezikhethekileyo zoomatshini. Izikhonkwane zemisonto ezenziwe ngentsimbi ye-alloy zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizicelo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ezinjengeenjini zeemoto, izixhobo ze-aerospace, kunye noomatshini abanzima, apho ukomelela kunye nokumelana nokudinwa kubaluleke kakhulu.
Uluhlu lwemveliso yeentambo zemisonto lubandakanya iimodeli ezahlukeneyo, zihlelwe ngokobukhulu, ubude, uhlobo lwentambo, ibakala lemathiriyeli, kunye neempawu zoyilo:
Imisonto eqhelekileyo: Izitudi ezisemgangathweni ziyafumaneka kuluhlu olubanzi lweemetriki kunye nobukhulu bobukhosi. Ubungakanani beemetriki ngokuqhelekileyo buqala kwi-M3 ukuya kwi-M36, ngelixa ubukhulu be-imperial bugubungela ukusuka kwi-#4 ukuya kwi-1 - 1/2".
High - Amandla Imisonto Studs: Yenzelwe usetyenziso olunzima, i-high-power thread studs yenziwa ukusuka kwizinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ngokufuthi i-alloy steel okanye i-high-force carbon steel enamabanga afana ne-12.9. Ezi zikhonkwane ziyilwe zinedayamitha ezinkulu kunye nobude obude ukuphatha amandla amakhulu kunye nokucheba. Ziyimfuneko kakhulu kwizicwangciso zemizi-mveliso ukuze kugcinwe oomatshini abanzima, amacandelo amakhulu olwakhiwo, kunye nezixhobo ezisebenza phantsi kwemithwalo ephezulu kunye nokungcangcazela. Izikhonkwane zemisonto zamandla aphezulu zinokubandakanya uyilo lwemisonto ekhethekileyo okanye iimpawu ezongezelelweyo zokuphucula ukusebenza kwazo kunye nomthamo wokuthwala umthwalo.
Ezizodwa - Feature Thread Studs:
Fine - Imisonto yemisonto: Ibandakanya intambo encinci ye-pitch xa kuthelekiswa ne-studs eqhelekileyo, i-fine-thread studs inikezela ngokuchaneka kohlengahlengiso oluphuculweyo kunye nokumelana okuphezulu ukukhulula. Zidla ngokusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezifuna ukulungiswa okucokisekileyo, okufana noomatshini abachanekileyo, izixhobo zokukhanya, kunye nendibano ephezulu ye-elektroniki. Uyilo lwentambo olucolekileyo luvumela ukubeka indawo echanekileyo kunye noqhagamshelo olukhuseleke ngakumbi kwezi zicelo zibuthathaka.
Imisonto eyimfama: Ezi studs zenzelwe ngokukodwa ukusetyenziswa kwimingxuma eyimfama, apho ukufikelela kunokwenzeka kuphela ukusuka kwelinye icala. Izikhonkwane zemisonto eziyimfama zidla ngokuba nenxalenye ephothiweyo kwelinye icala lokufakwa kumngxuma oyimfama kunye noqwalaselo olwahlukileyo, njengeshanki eligudileyo okanye intloko, kwelinye icala lokuncamathela amacandelo. Zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yefenitshala, indibano yangaphakathi yeemoto, kunye nezinye izicelo apho kufuneka ukuqina okucocekileyo nokukhuselekileyo ukusuka kwelinye icala.
I-Anti-Vibration Thread Studs: Yenzelwe ukuxhathisa ukukhulula okubangelwa kukungcangcazela, i-anti-vibration thread studs idibanisa iimpawu ezikhethekileyo. Abanye banokuba noyilo lwentambo yokutshixa, ngelixa abanye banokusebenzisa izinto ezongezelelweyo zokutshixa okanye iingubo. Ezi zixhobo zibalulekile kwizicelo ezifana neenjini zeemoto, oomatshini boshishino abanamacandelo okungcangcazela okuphezulu, kunye nezixhobo zothutho, ziqinisekisa ukuba ukuqina kuhlala kukhuselekile naphantsi kokungcangcazela okuqhubekayo.
Ukuveliswa kweentambo zomsonto kubandakanya amanyathelo achanekileyo amaninzi kunye nomgangatho ongqongqo - amanyathelo okulawula ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokusebenza kwawo:
Ukulungiselela Izinto Eziluncedo: Izinto ezisemgangathweni ophezulu, ezifana neentsimbi zentsimbi okanye iintonga, zifunwa ngononophelo. Ukuhlolwa okungqongqo kuyenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali, iipropathi zoomatshini, kunye nomgangatho womphezulu wezixhobo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokuvelisa. Emva koko, izinto zetsimbi zinqunywe zibe ubude obufanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zobukhulu obuthile bee-studs.
Umsonto: Intambo yinkqubo ebaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni iintambo zemisonto. Iintambo ezikhethekileyo zokufa okanye oomatshini abaqengqelekayo baqeshwa ukwenza imisonto kwizikhonkwane. Ukuqengqeleka kwemisonto yeyona ndlela ikhethwayo njengoko ivelisa intambo eyomeleleyo ngokubanda - ukusebenza kwentsimbi, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula ukuxhathisa kokudinwa kwee-studs. Inkqubo yokuthunga ifuna ulawulo olucokisekileyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvakala kwentambo echanekileyo, iprofayili efanelekileyo yomsonto, kunye nokuhambelana namandongomane ahambelanayo okanye imingxunya ecofiweyo. Kwimisonto eneemfuno ezithile zentambo, njengemisonto ecolekileyo okanye iifom zemisonto ezikhethekileyo, imisebenzi eyongezelelweyo yokuchaneka ingafuneka.
UNyango loBubushushu (kwimathiriyeli yamandla aphezulu): Izikhonkwane ezenziwe ngemathiriyeli eyomelele kakhulu njengentsimbi yealloyi okanye intsimbi yekhabhoni yodidi oluphezulu zihlala zingena kubushushu - iinkqubo zonyango, ezibandakanya ukufunxa, ukucinywa, kunye nokufutha. Ezi nkqubo ziphucula iimpawu zomatshini we-studs, ukwandisa amandla azo, ukuqina, kunye nokuqina ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zezicelo ezithile.
Phelisa Unyango: Ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo kunye noyilo lwe-thread stud, iziphelo zingafumana unyango olongezelelweyo. Ngokomzekelo, iziphelo zinokuthi zihlanjululwe ukuququzelela ukufakwa lula kwiintongomane okanye imingxuma ethathiweyo, ukunciphisa umngcipheko womonakalo kunye nokuphucula inkqubo yokufakela. Kwezinye iimeko, iziphelo zinokuguqulwa okanye zibunjwe ukuze zivumelane neendlela ezithile zokuqinisa okanye ukubonelela nge-interface engcono kunye namacandelo aqhotyoshelweyo.
Unyango loMphezulu: Ukomeleza ukunganyangeki komhlwa, ukuphucula inkangeleko, kunye nokongeza iipropathi ezisebenzayo, izikhonkwane zemisonto yesinyithi zinokungena kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zonyango. I-zinc plating ibeka umaleko obhityileyo we-zinc kumphezulu we-stud, ibonelela ngokhuseleko olusisiseko lokutya kunye nenkangeleko eqaqambileyo, yesinyithi. I-Hot-dip galvanizing inika i-zinc coating etyebileyo neyomelele ngakumbi, isenza ukuba izikhonkwane zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwangaphandle ixesha elide kunye neemeko ezirhabaxa. I-Black oxide coat yenza umaleko obhityileyo, omnyama, umhlwa- onganyangekiyo ngokusabela kwekhemikhali, enika iziqwenga ezinomtsalane zematte ngelixa zibonelela ngenqanaba elithile lokhuseleko lokutya. Izikhonkwane zentsimbi estainless zingafumana unyango lwe-passivation ukomeleza ukuxhathisa kwazo ngokwendalo.
Ukuhlolwa koMgangatho: Yonke ibhetshi yeentambo zemisonto iphantsi kokuhlolwa ngokungqongqo. Iitshekhi ze-Dimensional zenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ubukhulu be-stud, ubude, inkcazo yentambo, kunye nonyango oluphela luyahlangabezana nemigangatho emiselweyo. Iimvavanyo zoomatshini, kubandakanywa amandla okuqina, ukuqina, kunye novavanyo lwe-torque, lwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe umthwalo-umthamo wokuthwala kunye nokuqina kwee-studs. Uhlolo olubonakalayo lukwaqhutyelwa ukukhangela naziphi na iziphene zomhlaba, iintanda, okanye ukwakheka kwentambo engafanelekanga. Kuphela ii-studs eziphumelele zonke iimvavanyo zomgangatho ezivunyiweyo ukupakishwa kunye nokuhanjiswa.
Unyango olungaphezulu lweentambo zomsonto ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwazo kunye nokwandisa ubomi babo benkonzo:
Ukufakwa kweZinc: I-Zinc plating lunyango olwamkelwe ngokubanzi oluphezulu kwi-carbon steel studs. Kubandakanya ukufaka i-electroplating umaleko obhityileyo we-zinc kumphezulu we-stud. Olu luhlu lwe-zinc lusebenza njengesithintelo sombingelelo, ukubola ngokufanelekileyo ukukhusela intsimbi engaphantsi. I-Zinc plating ibonelela ngokhuseleko olusisiseko lwe-corrosion kwaye ifanelekile kwi-indoor kunye ne-incinci - izicelo ze-corrosion zangaphandle. Ikwanika i-studs imbonakalo ekhazimlayo, yentsimbi, enokuthi ibe nomtsalane kwizicelo ezithile.
Kushushu - Dip Galvanizing: Kwinkqubo ye-galvanizing yediphu eshushu, ii-studs zithotywa kuqala kwaye zifakwe emanzini ukuze zisuse izinto ezingcolileyo. Emva koko, ziyagungxulwa kwaye zintywiliselwe kwibhafu ye-zinc etyhidiweyo malunga ne-450 - 460°C. I-zinc isabela nge-iron kwintsimbi ukwenza uluhlu lwezinki - i-alloy layers yentsimbi, ilandelwa yi-zinc ecocekileyo yangaphandle. Isiphumo sogqumo olungqingqwa oluqinileyo noluhlala luhleli lubonelela ngokumelana nomhlwa okugqwesileyo, okwenza iziqwenga zilungele ukuhlala ixesha elide ngaphandle kunye nokusingqongileyo okurhabaxa, njengemimandla yemizi-mveliso, imimandla eselunxwemeni, kunye neendawo ezinobumanzi obuphezulu.
I-Black oxide Coating: I-black oxide coating yinkqubo yeekhemikhali eyenza ucekeceke olucekeceke, olumnyama, olunokonakala - oluxhathisayo phezu komphezulu we-carbon steel thread studs. Olu tyaba alunikezeli nje kuphela umgangatho wokukhusela umhlwa kodwa lunika iyunifomu, inkangeleko emnyama kwi-studs, edla ngokuthandwa kwizicelo apho i-aesthetics kunye nokumelana nokubola okuphakathi kuyadingeka. Nangona kunjalo, umaleko we-oksidi omnyama uncinci, kwaye iidyasi ezongezelelweyo, njenge-oyile okanye i-wax, zinokufakwa ukuqhubela phambili ukhuseleko lomhlwa kwiindawo ezinzima kakhulu.
I-Stainless Steel Passivation: Kwizikhonkwane zentambo yensimbi engenasici, unyango lwe-passivation lwenziwa. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukuntywiliselwa izikhonkwane kwisisombululo seasidi ukususa izinto ezingcolisa umphezulu, amasuntswana entsimbi, kunye nokwandisa umaleko wendalo owenziwe ngeoksidi kumphezulu wentsimbi. I-passivation iphucula ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion yensimbi engenasici, ngakumbi kwiindawo apho ii-ion ze-chloride okanye ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zinokuba khona, ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwexesha elide kunye nokusebenza kwee-studs.
Iingubo ezikhethekileyo: Kwiimeko ezithile, iintambo zomsonto zinokufumana iingubo ezikhethekileyo. Iingubo zeTeflon zingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana ngexesha lofakelo kunye nokusetyenziswa, okwenza kube lula ukuqinisa kunye nokukhulula amantongomane kwii-studs. Oku kunenzuzo ngakumbi kwizicelo apho ukudibanisa rhoqo kunye nokuchithwa kuyadingeka. Izinto zokunqanda ukubanjwa zikhusela izigxobo ekubambeni ngenxa ye-oxidation okanye ukuvezwa kobushushu obuphezulu, okubaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo apho izigxobo zinokufuna ukususwa kwaye ziphinde zifakwe rhoqo, njengokugcinwa kwe-injini okanye ukulungiswa kwezixhobo zemizi-mveliso. I-anti-abrasion coatings ingasetyenziselwa ukukhusela umphezulu we-stud kwimikrwelo kunye nokunxiba, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezikhukhulayo.
Izifundo zomsonto zifumana ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kumashishini amaninzi kunye nezicelo:
Ukwenziwa koomatshini kunye neZixhobo: Kushishino lokwenziwa koomatshini, iintambo zomsonto zibalulekile ekuhlanganiseni amacandelo ahlukeneyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukukhusela amacandelo e-injini, iibhokisi zegiya, kunye nezinye iindawo ezinzima. Ikhono leentambo zemisonto ukubonelela ngokhuseleko olukhuselekileyo noluthembekileyo, naphantsi kwemithwalo ephezulu kunye nokungcangcazela, kubenza babaluleke kakhulu kweli shishini. Nokuba kulwakhiwo loomatshini abakhulu bemizi-mveliso okanye ukuveliswa kwezixhobo zoomatshini ezincinci, izikhonkwane zemisonto ziqinisekisa ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo kunye noqhagamshelo olukhuselekileyo lwamalungu.
Ubunjineli boKwakha kunye noLwakhiwo: Kubunjineli bolwakhiwo kunye nolwakhiwo, iintambo zemisonto zisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa izinto zesakhiwo, ezinjengeentsimbi zentsimbi, iikholamu, kunye namacandelo ekhonkrithi angaphambili. Banikezela uxhulumaniso oluqinileyo kunye noluhlala luhlala, lunegalelo ekuzinzeni ngokubanzi kunye nokunyaniseka kwezakhiwo kunye namabhuloho. Izikhonkwane zemisonto yamandla aphezulu zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zesakhiwo ukumelana nemithwalo ebalulekileyo kunye noxinzelelo olufunyenwe kwezi zakhiwo.
Imizi-mveliso yeemoto kunye ne-Aerospace: Kushishino lweemoto, iintambo zomsonto zisetyenziswa ekudibaneni kwe-injini, ukwakhiwa kwe-chassis, kunye neenkqubo zokunqunyanyiswa. Banokunyamezela ukungcangcazela kunye noxinzelelo lomatshini oluveliswa ngexesha lokusebenza kwesithuthi. Kwicandelo le-aerospace, apho umgangatho ongqongqo kunye nemigangatho yokusebenza ibaluleke kakhulu, i-thread studs isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa amacandelo eenqwelomoya. Ukwenziwa kwazo okuchanekileyo kunye neempawu zokomelela okuphezulu zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kwenqwelomoya, njengoko nokusilela nje okuncinci ekubopheni kunokuba neziphumo ezibi.
I-Electronics kunye neZixhobo zoMbane: Kwimizi-mveliso ye-elektroniki kunye nombane, i-thread studs, ngakumbi i-fine - thread studs, isetyenziselwa ukukhusela iibhodi zeesekethe, iindawo ezivaliweyo zombane, kunye nezinye izinto. Uyilo lwentambo olucolekileyo luvumela uqinisekiso oluchanekileyo ngaphandle kokwenza umonakalo kwizinto ezibuthathaka ze-elektroniki. Bakwanceda ekugcineni ukufakelwa kombane kunye nokulungelelaniswa okufanelekileyo kwamacandelo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kweenkqubo zombane kunye ne-elektroniki.
Ifenitshala kunye nokuSebenza ngamaplanga: Kwimveliso yefenitshala kunye nokusebenza ngamaplanga, iintambo zentambo, ngakumbi iintambo ezingaboniyo, zidla ngokusetyenziswa. Izikhonkwane zemisonto eziyimfama zivumela ukuqina okukhuselekileyo ukusuka kwelinye icala, okufanelekileyo ekudaleni uqhagamshelo olufihlakeleyo kwiingceba zefenitshala, ukubonelela ngenkangeleko ecocekileyo nenomtsalane. Zisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa iifreyimu zokhuni, zifake imilenze yetafile, kwaye zidibanise nezinye izinto zefenitshala, ziqinisekisa ukuzinza kunye nokuqina kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo.
UkuFaniswa okuKhuselekileyo nokuthembekileyo: Izifundo zemisonto zibonelela ngesisombululo esikhuselekileyo nesithembekileyo sokuqina. Ngokusebenzisa amantongomane okanye amacandelo afakwe kwimisonto yokukhwelana, banokusasaza imithwalo ngokulinganayo kwaye baxhathise ukukhululeka phantsi koxinzelelo olwenziwa ngoomatshini, kubandakanya ukungcangcazela, uxinzelelo, kunye nemikhosi yokucheba. Oku kubenza bafaneleke kwi-spectrum ebanzi yezicelo, ukusuka ekukhanyeni-umsebenzi ukuya kwimisebenzi enzima, ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwexesha elide lezakhiwo ezidibeneyo okanye amacandelo.
Ukuguquguquka: Ngoluhlu olubanzi lobukhulu, izixhobo, iintlobo zentambo, kunye noyilo olukhoyo, iintambo zeentambo zingenziwa lula ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zesicelo. Nokuba yinto echanekileyo - umsebenzi ogxile kushishino lwe-elektroniki okanye iprojekthi yokwakha enzima, kukho imodeli efanelekileyo yentambo. Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, ezinje ngentambo ecolekileyo, iimfama, kunye neentlobo ezichasene nokungcangcazela, zandisa ngakumbi umda wesicelo, zivumela izisombululo ezilungiselelwe iimeko ezikhethekileyo.
Ukufakela ngokulula kunye nokususwa: Iintambo zomsonto zithe ngqo ukuzifaka kunye nokuzisusa. Nje ukuba ifakwe kumngxunya ocofayo okanye icandelo lokukhwelana, amandongomane okanye ezinye iziqhoboshi ezinemisonto zinokuqiniswa ngokulula okanye zikhululwe kusetyenziswa izixhobo eziqhelekileyo, ezinjengezitshixo okanye iisokethi. Oku kulula ukufakela kunye nokususwa kuququzelela iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokudibanisa kunye nokugcinwa, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla kunye neendleko zabasebenzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo.
Iindleko - Ezisebenzayo: Xa kuthelekiswa nolunye uhlobo lwe-fasteners, i-thread studs inokubonelela ngeendleko-isisombululo esisebenzayo, ngakumbi kwizicelo ezifuna amandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina okuthembekileyo. Imveliso yabo esemgangathweni kunye nokufumaneka okuxhaphakileyo kunegalelo ekongeni iindleko, kwaye ubomi babo benkonzo ende bunciphisa ukuphindaphindwa kokutshintshwa, ekugqibeleni kuthotywe iindleko zizonke zobunini kwiiprojekthi ezizisebenzisayo.
Umthwalo oPhakamileyo - Ukuthwala amandla: Ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto eziphathekayo kunye noyilo, iintambo zentambo zinokuba nomthwalo ophezulu wokuthwala umthamo. Izikhonkwane zemisonto yamandla aphezulu ezenziwe kwintsimbi ye-alloy okanye i-high-grade carbon steel ziyakwazi ukumelana ne-tensile ebalulekileyo kunye nemikhosi yokucheba, ezenza zilungele izicelo ezinzima kwiiprojekthi zoshishino kunye nokwakhiwa apho ukuqina okuqinileyo kubalulekile ukuxhasa imithwalo emikhulu kunye nokuxhathisa ukuguqulwa.
Ukunyangwa kokuMhlwa: Enkosi ekusebenziseni izinto ezifana nentsimbi engatyiwayo kunye nomphezulu ohlukeneyo - iinketho zonyango, izikhonkwane zemisonto zibonelela ngokulungileyo kokugqwesa ukuxhathisa umhlwa. Oku kubenza bafanelekele ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezingaphandle, elwandle, nakwimizi-mveliso edlayo, apho ukuvezwa kokufuma, ityuwa, kunye neekhemikhali kuxhaphakile. Ukuxhathisa okuphuculweyo kwe-corrosion kwandisa ubomi benkonzo ye-studs, kunciphisa iimfuno zokugcinwa, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka okuqhubekayo kwamacandelo aqiniweyo ekuhambeni kwexesha.