
Amandongomane amathathu angqukuva emingxuma aqhele ukwenziwa ukusuka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ngalinye likhethelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zokusebenza. Insimbi ye-alloy yinto esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, ngakumbi kwizicelo ezifuna amandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina.
Amandongomane amathathu angqukuva emingxuma aqhele ukwenziwa ukusuka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ngalinye likhethelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zokusebenza. Insimbi ye-alloy yinto esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, ngakumbi kwizicelo ezifuna amandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina. Iialloyi eziqulethe izinto ezifana nechromium, molybdenum, kunye ne-vanadium zinokuba bubushushu-zinyangwa ukomeleza amandla okuqina, ukumelana nokudinwa, kunye nokuqina. Ubushushu - i-alloy ephathwayo yentsimbi imingxuma emithathu engqukuva amandongomane ayakwazi ukumelana nemithwalo ebalulekileyo ye-axial kwaye alungele oomatshini bomsebenzi onzima kunye nezixhobo zoshishino apho ukuqiniselwa okuthembekileyo kubalulekile.
Kwiindawo apho ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion kuyinto ephambili, insimbi engenasici yinto ekhethiweyo. Amanqanaba ensimbi engenasici afana ne-304 kunye ne-316 asetyenziswa ngokubanzi. I-304 yensimbi engenasici ibonelela ngokufanelekileyo ngokubanzi-injongo yokuxhathisa umhlwa, iyenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwangaphakathi kunye nezinto ezininzi zangaphandle kunye nokuvezwa okuphakathi kwizinto. I-316 insimbi engenasici, enomxholo wayo ophezulu we-molybdenum, ibonelela ngokumelana okuphezulu neekhemikhali ezirhabaxa, amanzi etyuwa, kunye neemeko ezigqithisileyo, iyenza ilungele imizi-mveliso yaselwandle, imichiza, kunye neyokutya.
Kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, ubhedu lunokusetyenziswa ukwenza imingxunya emithathu engqukuva. I-Brass inika ukuhanjiswa kombane okuhle, iipropathi ezingezizo-magnetic, kwaye kulula ukuzisebenzisa kumatshini. Ihlala isetyenziswa kwizixhobo zombane, izixhobo, kunye nezicelo apho kufuneka isinyithi esingeyoyoni esinokumelana nokudumba okulungileyo. Ukongeza, unyango olungaphezulu olufana ne-zinc plating, i-nickel plating, okanye i-black oxide coating inokufakwa kwintsimbi engqukuva yamandongomane amathathu ukunyusa ngakumbi ukuxhathisa ukubola, inkangeleko, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ukunciphisa ingxabano ngexesha lofakelo.
Umgca wemveliso wamantongomane amathathu ajikeleze umngxuma ubandakanya iimodeli ezahlukeneyo ezihlelwe ngokobukhulu, uhlobo lwentambo, kunye neempawu ezongezelelweyo:
IiNuts eziNgqongileyo eziMgangathweni eziNtu: Olu luhlobo olusisiseko, olufumaneka kuluhlu lweemetriki kunye nobukhulu bobukhosi. Ubungakanani beMetric buhlala buvela kwi-M5 ukuya kwi-M52, ngelixa ubukhulu be-imperial bugubungela ukusuka kwi-3/16 "ukuya kwi-2". Amandongomane asemgangathweni abonisa imilo engqukuva enemingxuma emithathu elungelelanisiweyo, umsonto oqhelekileyo, kwaye ilungele imisebenzi yokuqinisa injongo jikelele apho isipaneli okanye isipana esinezikhonkwane singasetyenziselwa ukuqinisa okanye ukukhulula i-nut. Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa koomatshini abaneeshafu ezijikelezayo, ezinje ngeenjini kunye neepompo, ukukhusela amacandelo afana neepuli kunye neegiya.
Ephakamileyo - Amandla Amandongomane amaThathu eHole aRound: Yenzelwe usetyenziso lwemithwalo enzima, amandla aphezulu amandongomane angqukuva emingxuma amathathu enziwe ngezinto ezomeleleyo, ubukhulu becala intsimbi yealloyi yomgangatho ophezulu. Zineendonga ezityebileyo kunye nobubanzi obukhulu xa kuthelekiswa neemodeli eziqhelekileyo, ezibenza bakwazi ukumelana nemikhosi ephezulu ye-axial. La mandongomane ayimfuneko kwizicwangciso zemizi-mveliso ukuze kukhuselwe iikhomponenti zoomatshini abakhulu, njengeesistim zothumelo olunzima kunye nezixhobo zokwakha, apho ukukwazi ukuthwala imithwalo ebalulekileyo kubalulekile. Amandongomane aphezulu adla ngokuza neempawu zebakala lamandla abonakalayo ukubonisa amandla awo okuthwala.
Ekhethekileyo-Inqaku leeNtsongomane eziNgxami zomngxunya:
Self-Locking Three Hole Round Nuts: Ukufaka isixhobo sokutshixa, esifana nofakelo lwenayiloni okanye intambo egogekileyo, la mandongomane athintela ukukhulula ngenxa yokungcangcazela okanye amandla ajikelezayo. Uphawu lokuzivalela lubalulekile kwizicelo apho amalungu kufuneka ahlale ebotshelelwe ngokukhuselekileyo phantsi kweemeko eziguquguqukayo, njengeenjini zeemoto, izixhobo ze-aerospace, kunye noomatshini boshishino abaneenxalenye ezijikelezayo ngesantya esiphezulu.
I-Flanged Three Hole Round Nuts: La mandongomane aneflange ethe tyaba kwisiseko, eyongeza indawo yokunxibelelana nendawo yokukhwelana. Olu yilo ngokufanelekileyo isasaza umthwalo kwaye ibonelela uzinzo ngcono, ukwenza flanged ezintathu umngxuma amandongomane ngeenxa ezilungele izicelo apho zombini ekhuselekileyo ubophelelo kunye nomthwalo owandisiweyo - ukuthwala umthamo ezifunekayo, ezifana kwindibano yezixhobo zoshishino isikali kunye enzima - iziseko oomatshini.
Fine - Thread Three Hole Round Nuts: Ngomsonto omncinci we-pitch xa kuthelekiswa namandongomane asemgangathweni, i-fine - thread nuts ejikeleza imingxuma emithathu inika ulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo kunye nokuchasana okungcono ukukhulula. Zidla ngokusetyenziswa koomatshini abachanekileyo, izixhobo zokukhanya, kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezifuna uqinisekiso oluchanekileyo nolukhuselekileyo, oluvumela ukulungiswa kakuhle kweendawo zecandelo.
Ukuveliswa kwemingxunya emithathu ejikelezileyo kubandakanya iindlela ezichanekileyo zokuvelisa kunye nomgangatho ongqongqo - iinkqubo zokulawula:
Ukulungiselela Izinto Eziluncedo: Umgangatho ophezulu wezinto ezibonakalayo, ezifana neentsimbi zentsimbi yealloy, iintonga zensimbi ezingenasici, okanye iiblanks zobhedu, zifunyenwe. Izinto eziphathekayo zihlolwe ngononophelo ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali, iimpawu zomatshini, kunye nomgangatho womhlaba ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokuvelisa. Izinto zentsimbi zisikwa zibe ngobude obufanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zobukhulu bamantongomane.
Ukubumba: Intsimbi engqukuva imingxuma emithathu yamandongomane yenziwa ngokweenkqubo ezinje ngokubanda-isihloko, kushushu - ukubumba, okanye ukwenza machining. I-cold-heading ifanelekile kumantongomane amancinci amancinci, apho isinyithi sifakwe kwifom ejikelezayo kwaye imingxuma ibethelwa kwinqanaba elinye okanye ngaphezulu kusetyenziswa ii-specialized dies. Hot - forging isetyenziswa ezinkulu okanye ngaphezulu - amandla amandongomane, apho intsimbi ifudunyezwe kwimo ethambileyo kwaye emva koko imilo phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu ukufikelela amandla afunekayo kunye nokuchaneka dimensional. Ukufumana ubunzima obungakumbi okanye ukuchaneka - amantongomane afunekayo, iinkqubo zobuchwephesha ezifana nokujika kunye nokugaya zingasetyenziselwa ukudala imilo engqukuva, intambo, kunye nemingxuma ngokuchaneka okuphezulu.
Umsonto: Emva kokuqulunqa, amantongomane aqhuba imisebenzi yokuthunga. Ukuqengqeleka kwemisonto yindlela ekhethwayo njengoko idala intambo eyomeleleyo ngokubanda - ukusebenza kwentsimbi, ukuphucula ukuxhathisa ukudinwa kwe nut. Kwiimeko apho kufuneka ukuchaneka okuphezulu, imisonto yokusika ingasetyenziswa. Inkqubo yokuthunga ifuna ukulawulwa ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa umgangatho womsonto, ukuchaneka kwepitch, kunye nokuhambelana neebholiti ezihambelanayo okanye iishafti ezinemisonto.
Ukugrunjwa komngxuma kunye nokuQeda: Imingxunya emithathu kwi-nut ejikelezayo yombiwa kusetyenziswa oomatshini bokugaya okanye amaziko omatshini e-CNC. Ukubekwa okuchanekileyo kunye nokulinganisa imingxuma kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukubandakanyeka okufanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokuqinisa. Emva kokubhoboza, amantongomane anokungena kwiinkqubo zokugqiba ezongezelelweyo, ezifana nokuchithwa ukususa imiphetho ebukhali kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle ngexesha lofakelo kunye nokusetyenziswa.
Feature Fabrication (okhethekileyo - uhlobo amandongomane): Ukuzivalela imingxuma emithathu ejikelezileyo, indlela yokutshixa, njengokufaka i-nylon okanye ukudala intambo ephosakeleyo, yongezwa ngexesha lokuvelisa. Amandongomane aneflange enziwe ngexesha lokubumba okanye ukwenza, kwaye amandongomane acoliweyo aveliswa ngobuchule obufanelekileyo bokuthunga ukuphumeza umsonto onqwenelekayo ofunekayo.
Unyango loMphezulu: Ukomeleza ukuxhathisa umhlwa, inkangeleko, kunye neempawu ezisebenzayo, isinyithi semingxunya emithathu engqukuva amandongomane anokungena kumphezulu - iinkqubo zonyango. I-Zinc plating ibandakanya ukucwiliswa kwamantongomane kwi-zinc-isisombululo esityebileyo sokufaka umgca wokukhusela. I-Nickel plating ibonelela ngokugudileyo, ukudleka - ukumelana nomphezulu kwaye kunokuphucula inkangeleko yobuhle. I-Black oxide ityabeka idala umhlwa, umhlwa, umaleko okwaziyo ukumelana nekhemikhali.
Ukuhlolwa koMgangatho: Ibhetshi nganye enemingxuma emithathu engqukuva ihlolwa ngokungqongqo. Iitshekhi ze-Dimensional zenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-nati yedayamitha, ubukhulu, inkcazo yentambo, izikhundla zomngxuma, kunye nobukhulu ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho. Iimvavanyo zoomatshini, njengamandla okuqina kunye novavanyo lokuqina, lwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe umthwalo-umthamo wokuthwala kunye nokuqina kwamantongomane. Kumantongomane okutshixa, iimvavanyo ezichasene nokukhulula ziqhutywa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kakuhle kwendlela yokutshixa. Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kukwaqhutywa ukujonga iziphene zomphezulu, iintanda, okanye ukugquma okungafanelekanga. Kuphela ngamandongomane aphumelele zonke iimvavanyo zomgangatho avunyiweyo ukupakishwa kunye nokuhanjiswa.
Amantongomane amathathu angqukuva emingxuma asetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa:
Ubunjineli boomatshini: Kubunjineli bomatshini, la mandongomane aqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukukhusela amacandelo kwiishafu ezijikelezayo, ezinje ngeepulleys, iigiya, kunye ne-couplings. Zibalulekile ekudibaneni kweenjini, iimpompo, iifeni, kunye nabanye oomatshini abane-shaft - iinxalenye ezixhonywe, ziqinisekisa ukuba amacandelo ahlala ekhona ngexesha lokusebenza kwaye anokumelana namandla ajikelezayo ahambelanayo kunye nokungcangcazela.
Izithuthi kunye nezoThutho: Kushishino lweemoto, imingxunya emithathu engqukuva isetyenziswa kumacandelo enjini, iinkqubo zothumelo, kunye neendawo zokunqunyanyiswa. Ngokomzekelo, zingasetyenziselwa ukuqinisa iipuli kwi-crankshaft okanye i-camshaft, okanye ukukhusela amacandelo kwi-drivetrain. Ukuthembeka kunye nokukwazi ukumelana nokujikeleza kwesantya esiphezulu kunye nokungcangcazela kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kunye nokhuseleko lwezithuthi. Kwicandelo lezothutho, zikwasetyenziswa ekuhlanganiseni iilori, oololiwe kunye nezinye izithuthi.
I-Aerospace kunye ne-Aviation: Kwishishini le-aerospace, apho ukuchaneka kunye nokuthembeka kubaluleke kakhulu, amandongomane amathathu angqukuva asetyenziselwa ukufakela injini yenqwelomoya, izixhobo zokumisa, kunye nezinye iindibano ezibalulekileyo. Amandla aphezulu kunye nezixhobo ezikhaphukhaphu, ezifana nensimbi engenasici okanye i-titanium - i-alloy imingxuma emithathu ejikelezayo amantongomane, zikhethwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zolu shishino, ukuqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kwezakhiwo zeenqwelomoya ngexesha lokuhamba.
Izixhobo zoShishino: Kwiimeko zemizi-mveliso, la mandongomane asetyenziswa ekudityanisweni kwezixhobo zemizi-mveliso emikhulu, njengoomatshini bokwenza, iiplanti zokulungisa, kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa umbane. Bancedisa ukudibanisa iindawo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwezixhobo phantsi kwemithwalo enzima kunye neemeko zokusebenza eziqhubekayo.
Umbane kunye ne-Electronics: Kwezinye iinkqubo zombane neze-elektroniki, ngakumbi ezo zibandakanya izixhobo zombane ezijikelezayo njengeenjini zombane kwizixhobo zasekhaya okanye izixhobo zombane zamashishini, kusetyenziswa imingxunya emithathu engqukuva yokuqhoboshela. Amandongomane eBrass angqukuva emingxuma emithathu, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwawo kombane kunye neempawu ezingezizo ezizibuthe, anokukhethwa ngokukodwa kuqhagamshelo lombane kunye neemfuno zokugquma.
UkuQinisa ngokuKhuselekileyo kwiiShafti eziJikelezayo: Uyilo lwemingxuma emithathu yala mandongomane luvumela ukuqiniswa okuchanekileyo kunye nokukhuselekileyo usebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukubamba ngokuqinileyo kumacandelo afakwe kwi-shafts ejikelezayo. Oku kuthintela amacandelo ukuba akhululwe okanye atshintshe ngexesha lokujikeleza, ukuphucula ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka koomatshini kunye nezixhobo.
Umthwalo oPhakamileyo - Ukuthwala amandla: Ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo (ezifana nentsimbi ye-alloy kwiimodeli zamandla aphezulu), amantongomane amathathu ajikelezayo ajikelezayo anokuxhasa imithwalo enkulu ye-axial. Zenzelwe ukusasaza imithwalo ngokulinganayo, okubenza bakwazi ukumelana nemikhosi emisiweyo kunye neyokutshintsha, okwenza ukuba bafanelekele uluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi enzima kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Ukuguquguquka: Ifumaneka kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ubungakanani, kunye noyilo, amantongomane amathathu ajikelezayo ajikelezayo angakwazi ukulungiswa ngokulula kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zesicelo. Nokuba licandelo le-aerospace elichanekileyo- elenziwe ngobunjineli, umatshini woshishino onzima, okanye isixhobo sombane esinamalungu ajikelezayo, kukho imodeli efanelekileyo ekhoyo, ebonelela bhetyebhetye kuyilo kunye nokuhlanganisa kumashishini amaninzi.
Ukuchasa Ukukhulula: Okukhethekileyo - bonisa imingxunya emithathu ejikelezileyo, njengeentlobo zokuzitshixa, zibonelela ngokuxhathisa okugqwesileyo ukukhulula okubangelwa kukungcangcazela, imithwalo yothuso, okanye amandla ajikelezayo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo apho ukhuseleko lwecandelo lubaluleke kakhulu, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kwezixhobo kunye neengozi ezinokwenzeka.
Ukufakela ngokulula kunye nokususwa: Nangona ifuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, uyilo lwemingxuma emithathu luvumela ukufakela kunye nokususwa ngokulula xa usebenzisa i-wrenches efanelekileyo okanye izipantshi ezinezikhonkwane. Oku kuququzelela umsebenzi wokugcinwa nokulungiswa, ukunciphisa ixesha lokunciphisa kunye neendleko zabasebenzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo.