
I-DIN6921 i-hex head flange bolts ene-yellow zinc plating, amazinyo apheleleyo, kwaye akukho serrations, ehambelana ne-ISO4162 kunye nemigangatho ye-GB5787, ubukhulu becala zenziwa ukusuka phezulu - amandla alloy steel kumabakala 8.8, 10.9, kunye ne-12.9.
I-DIN6921 i-hex head flange bolts ene-yellow zinc plating, amazinyo apheleleyo, kwaye akukho serrations, ehambelana ne-ISO4162 kunye nemigangatho ye-GB5787, ubukhulu becala ziyilwe ukusuka phezulu - amandla entsimbi yealloy kumabakala 8.8, 10.9, kunye ne-12.9.
Kwiibholiti zeBanga lesi-8.8, intsimbi yealloyi iqulethe izinto ezifana nekhabhoni, imanganese, kunye nesilicon. Emva kokufumana uthotho lweenkqubo zonyango lobushushu, banokufikelela ubuncinci be-tensile amandla angama-800 MPa kunye namandla esivuno se-640 MPa, okwenza ukuba bafaneleke ngokubanzi - ukuya kwephakathi - enzima-umsebenzi apho ukuqina okuthembekileyo phantsi kwemithwalo ebalulekileyo kuyadingeka.
Iibholiti zeBanga le-10.9 zenziwe ngentsimbi ye-alloy kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo malunga nokwakheka kweekhemikhali kunye nenkqubo yonyango enzima kakhulu yokushisa. Banokufikelela kumandla obunzima obuncinci be-1000 MPa kunye namandla esivuno se-900 MPa, ebenza bakwazi ukumelana nemithwalo ephezulu, ukungcangcazela, kunye noxinzelelo lomatshini, kwaye bahlala besetyenziselwa ukudibanisa okubalulekileyo kumatshini woshishino kunye neeprojekthi zokwakha.
Elona liphezulu-ibakala le-12.9 iibholiti zenziwa kwintsimbi ye-alloy ekumgangatho ophezulu kunye nolawulo olungqongqo lokungcola kunye nokulungiswa kobushushu. Banikezela ngowona mandla asezantsi e-1200 MPa kunye namandla esivuno se-1080 MPa, abenza ukuba balungele ukwenza imisebenzi enzima kakhulu, njengakwizixhobo ze-aerospace, iinjini zemoto ezisebenza kakhulu, kunye nokwakhiwa kwebhulorho yesikali esikhulu.
Iplating ye-zinc etyheli yindawo ephambili yonyango. I-Zinc plating ibandakanya i-electroplating umaleko we-zinc kumphezulu weebholiti zentsimbi yealloyi. Ukongezwa kweekhemikhali ezithile zeekhemikhali ngexesha lenkqubo yokucoca inika i-yellow hue kwi-coating ye-zinc. Lo maleko we-zinc usebenza njengesithintelo sombingelelo, ukubola ngokufanelekileyo ukukhusela intsimbi engaphantsi, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion ye-bolt.
Umgca wemveliso wale hex head flange bolts ubandakanya iimodeli ezahlukeneyo ezihlelwe ngokweDIN6921, ISO4162, kunye nemigangatho ye-GB5787, kunye nobukhulu, ubude, kunye nebakala lamandla:
Iimodeli zeMetric eziMgangatho: Ngokuhambelana nemigangatho efanelekileyo, ezi bholithi zifumaneka kuluhlu olubanzi lweemetriki. I-Bolt diameters isuka kwi-M6 ukuya kwi-M36, ngelixa ubude bungahluka ukusuka kwi-10mm ukuya kwi-300mm okanye ngaphezulu, kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zesicelo. Iimodeli ezisemgangathweni zibandakanya uyilo olupheleleyo lwamazinyo, apho imisonto yanda kubo bonke ubude be-shank ye-bolt, iqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguqukiyo kokuqina kuyo yonke into. Ezi bholiti zikwanayo nentloko ye-flange enehexagonal ngaphandle kwe-serrations, ibonelela ngomphezulu wokuthwala omkhulu wokusasazwa komthwalo ongcono ngexesha lokuqina.
Amandla - Iimodeli eziHlengisiweyo: Iibholithi ziza ngamandla amabakala 8.8, 10.9, kunye ne-12.9. I-8.8 - iibholithi zebakala ziyimodeli yamandla aphakathi, edla ngokusetyenziswa kufakelo lwezixhobo zoshishino jikelele, ukwenziwa kwefenitshala, kunye nokukhanya ukuya phakathi - iiprojekthi zokwakha ezinzima. I-10.9 - iibholithi zebakala ziphezulu - iimodeli zamandla, ziyimfuneko kwizicelo kumatshini onzima-umsebenzi, izakhiwo ezinkulu zokwakha, kunye nezixhobo zothutho apho kufuneka umthamo ophezulu wokuthwala umthamo. I-12.9 - iibholithi zebakala ziimodeli ezinamandla kakhulu - eziphakamileyo, eziyilelwe ngokukodwa izicelo ezibaluleke kakhulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu kumashishini afana ne-aerospace, i-automotive ephezulu, kunye nolwakhiwo lweziseko ezingundoqo.
Ezizodwa - Iimodeli zobude kunye nezeSiko: Kwizicelo ezineemfuno ezithile zobude okanye iimfuno zoyilo olulodwa, ezikhethekileyo - ubude kunye neemodeli eziqhelekileyo ziyafumaneka. Ezi bholithi zinokuba nobude obungengabo obuqhelekileyo phakathi koluhlu lonyamezelo oluchazwe yimigangatho efanelekileyo. Iimodeli eziqhelekileyo zinokubandakanya ukuguqulwa kobukhulu bentloko, ubukhulu be-flange, okanye enye imilinganiselo ukuze ihlangabezane neemfuno ezichanekileyo zeeprojekthi ezikhethekileyo, ngelixa zihambelana nemigangatho engundoqo yomgangatho kunye nokusebenza.
Ukuveliswa kwezi bholiti kubandakanya amanyathelo achanekileyo amaninzi ngelixa uthobela ngokungqongqo i-DIN6921, ISO4162, kunye nemigangatho ye-GB5787 kunye nomgangatho - amanyathelo okulawula:
Ukulungiselela Izinto Eziluncedo: Umgangatho ophezulu we-alloy steel alloy izinto eziluhlaza zifunyenwe ngononophelo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamabakala amandla achaziweyo kunye nemigangatho. Ukuhlolwa okungqongqo kuqhutyelwa kwimichiza yeekhemikhali, iipropati zomatshini, kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wentsimbi. Iintsimbi zentsimbi okanye iintonga zinqunyulwa zibe ubude obufanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zobukhulu obuthile beebholiti.
Ukubumba: Intsimbi ye-alloy yenziwe ibe yimpawu ye-hexagonal flange intloko kunye ne-shank ye-bolt ngokusebenzisa i-cold-heading okanye i-hot-forging process. I-cold - heading isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiibholiti ezincinci, ezisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwimveliso yevolumu ephezulu kwaye inokwenza ngokuchanekileyo imilo ngelixa igcina ukuchaneka kwe-dimensional. Kwiibholiti ezinkulu - ubukhulu okanye eziphezulu (ezifana ne-10.9 kunye ne-12.9 amabakala), i-hot-forging isetyenziswa. Kule nkqubo, intsimbi ifudunyezwa kwisimo esithambileyo kwaye emva koko ibunjwe phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuphumeza amandla afunekayo kunye nemilinganiselo echanekileyo, kubandakanywa imilo ethile kunye nobukhulu bentloko ye-flange ene-hexagonal ngokwemigangatho.
Umsonto: Emva kokwenza, iibholiti ziqhuba imisebenzi yokuthunga. Ekubeni ezi zizele - iibholiti zamazinyo, iintambo zenziwe kunye nobude bonke be-shank. Ukuqengqeleka kwemisonto yindlela ekhethwayo njengoko idala intambo eyomeleleyo ngokubanda - ukusebenza kwentsimbi, ukuphucula ukuxhathisa kokudinwa kweebholiti. Idiyezi ezikhethekileyo zokuthunga zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-pitch yentambo, iprofayili, kunye nemilinganiselo ihambelana ngokuchanekileyo neemfuno zemigangatho efanelekileyo, iqinisekisa ukuhambelana namantongomane ahambelanayo kunye nemingxunya enemisonto.
Unyango lobushushu (kumabanga aphezulu-amandla): Iibholiti zamandla amabakala 8.8, 10.9, kunye ne-12.9 zihamba ngobushushu - iinkqubo zonyango. Oku kubandakanya i-annealing ukuthambisa intsimbi kunye nokuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, ukucima ukunyusa ubulukhuni kunye namandla, kunye nokufudumeza ukulungisa ukuqina kunye nokuqina kwinqanaba elilelona lifanelekileyo. Ubushushu - iiparamitha zonyango zilawulwa ngokuchanekileyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iibholithi zihlangabezana namandla angqongqo kunye neemfuno zokusebenza kwamabakala azo njengoko kuchaziwe kwimigangatho.
Ukufakwa kweZinc etyheli: Iibholithi ziqale zicocwe ngokucokisekileyo ukuze kususwe nakuphi na ungcoliseko, ioli, okanye umhlwa. Emva koko, bantywiliselwa kwindawo yokuhlambela ye-electroplating equlethe iityuwa ze-zinc kunye nezongezo ezithile zeekhemikhali. Kusetyenziswa umsinga wombane, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-zinc ion idiphozithelwe kumphezulu webholiti. Ukongezwa kweekhemikhali zeekhemikhali ngexesha le-plating linika umbala ophuzi kwi-coating ye-zinc. Emva kokugquma, iibholithi zinokungena kwiinkqubo zonyango, ezinje nge-passivation, ukuqhubela phambili ukuqinisa ukuxhathisa kokubola kunye nokuqina kwe-zinc coating, ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho efanelekileyo yokubola - ukuxhathisa imigangatho.
Ukuhlolwa koMgangatho: Yonke ibhetshi yeebholiti iphantsi kokuhlolwa ngokungqongqo ngokuhambelana ne-DIN6921, ISO4162, kunye nemigangatho ye-GB5787. Ukuhlolwa komlinganiselo kuyenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubukhulu bebholithi, ubude, iinkcukacha zentambo, ubukhulu bentloko, kunye nemilinganiselo yeflange iyahlangabezana neemfuno ezichanekileyo zomgangatho. Iimvavanyo zoomatshini, kubandakanywa amandla okuqina, ukuqina, kunye novavanyo lwe-torque, lwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iibholithi ziyakwazi ukumelana nemithwalo echaziweyo kwaye zihlangabezane namandla kunye neendlela zokusebenza zamabakala abo. Uhlolo olubonakalayo lwenziwa ukujonga iziphene zomphezulu, ukugqunywa ngokufanelekileyo kwe-zinc etyheli, kunye nakuphi na ukungathotyelwa kweemfuno zenkangeleko yomgangatho. Iibholiti kuphela eziphumelele zonke iimvavanyo zomgangatho ezivunyiweyo ukupakishwa kunye nokuhanjiswa.
I-zinc emthubi-i-plating yonyango lomphezulu luphawu oluphambili olubonelela ngokhuseleko kunye nokuchongwa kwezi bholithi:
Inkqubo yokufakwa kweZinc: Inkqubo ye-zinc-plating iqala ngokucocwa ngokucokisekileyo kwendawo yebholiti ngokucoca kunye nokuchola ukususa nabuphi na ubumdaka, i-oyile, okanye i-oxide layers. Oku kuqinisekisa ukunamathela kakuhle kwengubo ye-zinc. Iibholiti ke zintywiliselwa kwindawo yokuhlambela ye-electroplating enezinc - izisombululo ze-electrolyte ezityebileyo. Xa umsinga wombane ugqithiswa kwindawo yokuhlambela, i-zinc ions itsalwa kumphezulu webholiti kwaye idipozithi njengomaleko wesinyithi. Ubuninzi be-coating ye-zinc ngokuqhelekileyo bunokuvela kwi-5 - 15 microns, kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zesicelo kunye nemigangatho yemigangatho, ukubonelela ngomgangatho oyintloko wokukhusela ukubola.
Ulwakhiwo loKwaleka olutyheli: Umbala otyheli ohlukileyo we-coating ye-zinc ufezekiswa ngokungongeza iikhemikhali ezithile kwi-bath electroplating. Ezi arhente zisabela nge-zinc ngexesha lenkqubo yokucoca ukwenza ifilimu encinci, enemibala ebusweni bomgca we-zinc. Olu tyaba lutyheli alusebenzi nje kuphela njengesazisi sobuhle kodwa lukwabonelela ngoxhathiso olongezelelekileyo lokutya ngokunyusa iipropathi zokudlula kumphezulu we-zinc.
Isithuba - Unyango: Emva kwe-zinc plating, iibholiti zinokungena kwi-post - iinkqubo zonyango, ezifana nokugqithisa. Ukugqithisa kubandakanya ukuntywilisela iibholiti kwisisombululo sekhemikhali, ngokuqhelekileyo siqulethe iichromates okanye ezinye ii-agent ezidlulayo. Le nkqubo yenza umaleko obhityileyo, okhuselayo we-oksidi kumphezulu we-zinc, uphucula ngakumbi ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye nokuqina. Ukunyangwa kwe-passivation kwakhona kunceda ukuzinzisa umbala ophuzi wengubo kunye nokuphucula ukuxhathisa kwayo ekukhanyeni kunye ne-abrasion, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iibholiti zigcina ukubonakala kwazo kunye neempawu zokukhusela ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.
I-DIN6921 i-hex head flange bolts ene-yellow zinc plating, amazinyo apheleleyo, kwaye akukho serrations, ehambelana ne-ISO4162 kunye nemigangatho ye-GB5787, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini kunye nokusetyenziswa:
Ukwakha kunye noKwakha: Kwiiprojekthi zolwakhiwo, ezi bholithi zisetyenziselwa ukudityaniswa kwezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa imiqadi yentsimbi yokuqhoboshela, iikholamu kunye neetrasi. Amanqanaba ahlukeneyo amandla avumela ukhetho olusekelwe kwiimfuno zomthwalo wesakhiwo. Ngokomzekelo, i-8.8 - iibholithi zebakala zifanelekile kumacandelo okwakha ngokubanzi, ngelixa i-10.9 kunye ne-12.9 - iibholithi zebakala zisetyenziselwa umthwalo onzima - ukudibanisa kwezakhiwo eziphakamileyo, iibhulorho kunye nezityalo ezinkulu zoshishino. Idizayini yentloko ye-hexagonal flange isasaza umthwalo ngokulinganayo, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokulimala kwendawo kunye nokuphucula ukuzinza koqhagamshelwano. I-yellow zinc plating inikezela ukuxhathisa ukubola, ukukhusela iibholithi ezivela kwizinto zombini kwiindawo zokwakha zangaphakathi nangaphandle.
Ukwenziwa koomatshini boShishino: Ekwenziweni koomatshini bemizi-mveliso, ezi bholithi zibalulekile ekuhlanganiseni amacandelo, ukukhusela iifreyimu zezixhobo, kunye nokuncamathisela iindawo ezahlukeneyo. Amanqanaba aphezulu anamandla afana ne-10.9 kunye ne-12.9 asetyenziselwa ukumelana nemithwalo enzima kunye nokungcangcazela okwenziwa ngexesha lokusebenza koomatshini. Uyilo olupheleleyo lwamazinyo luqinisekisa ukuqiniswa okungaguquguqukiyo kunye nokuthembekileyo kubo bonke ubude bebholithi, ngelixa i-zinc etyheli - icwecwe umphezulu imelana nokugqwala okuvela kungcoliseko lwamashishini kunye nokufuma, ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yeebholiti kunye noomatshini abadibana nabo.
Imizi-mveliso yeeMoto nezoThutho: Kushishino lweemoto, ezi bholithi zisetyenziswa ekudibaneni kwemoto, njengokuncamathisela amacandelo enjini, amalungu e-chassis, kunye neepaneli zomzimba. Amabanga ahlukeneyo amandla anokuhlangabezana neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomthwalo - iimfuno ezithweleyo zezicelo ezahlukeneyo zeemoto. I-yellow zinc plating inceda iibholiti ukumelana neemeko zokusebenza ezinzima, kubandakanywa ukuvezwa kweetyuwa zendlela, umswakama, kunye neemeko zemozulu ezahlukeneyo. Kwicandelo lezothutho, kwiilori, izitimela kunye neenqanawa, ezi zibhotshi zisetyenziselwa ukukhusela amacandelo ahlukeneyo, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwezithuthi ngexesha lokusebenza.
Izixhobo zoMbane neze-Eletroniki: Kumashishini ombane kunye ne-electronics, iibholiti ezincinci zisetyenziselwa ukukhusela i-enclosures zombane, iipaneli kunye namalungu. Uyilo olupheleleyo lwamazinyo luvumela ukuqiniswa okuchanekileyo, kunye ne-corrosion-resistant zinc plating ye-zinc ikhusela iibholithi kwimiphumo enokuthi ibe yingozi yokufuma kunye nokusingqongileyo kombane, ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwexesha elide lombane kunye neenkqubo zombane.
UFakelo lweZixhobo ngokuBanzi kunye noLondolozo: Ukufakwa kwezixhobo eziqhelekileyo kunye nemisebenzi yokulondoloza kumashishini ahlukeneyo, ezi zibhotshi zinika isisombululo esinokwethenjelwa kunye neendleko-ezisebenzayo. Ukufumaneka kwabo kuluhlu olubanzi lobukhulu kunye namabakala amandla, ngokwemigangatho efanelekileyo, kubenza bafanelekele iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo kunye nezicelo. I-elula - ukuchonga i-zinc etyheli - i-coat plated inceda ngokukhawuleza ukwahlula kwezinye iibholiti ngexesha lofakelo kunye neenkqubo zokutshintshwa.
Phezulu - Amandla kunye nokuFaniswa okuthembekileyo: Ngamabakala anamandla e-8.8, 10.9, kunye ne-12.9, ezi bholithi zinika amandla abalaseleyo okuqina kunye nemveliso, ekwazi ukudibanisa ngokuqinileyo amacandelo esakhiwo kunye nokumelana nemithwalo enzima, ukungcangcazela, kunye nemikhosi yokucheba. Uyilo olupheleleyo lwamazinyo luqinisekisa ukuqina okuhambelanayo kunye nokuthembekileyo kunye nobude bonke be-bolt shank, ukubonelela ukuzinza okuphuculweyo kunye nomthwalo wokuthwala umthamo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukunyangwa kokuNgqwesa okuPhezulu: I-zinc ephuzi-i-plating inika ukuxhathisa okusebenzayo kwe-corrosion, ukukhusela i-bolts yensimbi ye-alloy kwi-rust and degradation. Uluhlu lwe-zinc lusebenza njengesithintelo sombingelelo, kwaye i-post - iinkqubo zonyango ziphucula ngakumbi iimpawu zayo zokukhusela. Oku kwenza ukuba iibholithi zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa nezo zinomswakama, ukufuma, kunye nezinto ezinobungozi obuncinci, ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yeebholithi kunye nezixhobo eziziqinisayo.
Uyilo olusemgangathweni kunye nokuhambelana: Ukuthobela i-DIN6921, i-ISO4162, kunye nemigangatho ye-GB5787, ezi bholithi zibonelela ngoyilo olusemgangathweni, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kunye nokutshintshana kwiiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo kunye namashishini. Imilinganiselo esemgangathweni, ukucaciswa kwentambo, kunye noyilo lwentloko luvumela ukutshintshwa lula kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo eziqhelekileyo, ukwenza lula ukuthengwa, ukufakwa kunye neenkqubo zokugcinwa, kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko weempazamo kwindibano.
Ukusasazwa koMthwalo oLungileyo: Intloko ye-hexagonal flange ngaphandle kwee-serrations inika indawo enkulu yokuthwala indawo xa kuthelekiswa neebholiti zentloko ze-hex eziqhelekileyo. Olu luyilo lusasaza umthwalo ngokulinganayo ngexesha lokukhawuleza, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokulimala komhlaba, ngokukodwa kwizinto ezithambileyo, kunye nokuphucula ukuzinza ngokubanzi koqhagamshelwano. Kuyinzuzo ngokukhethekileyo kwizicelo apho ukuqiniswa okukhuselekileyo kunye nokuzinza kunye ne-deformation encinci yendawo efunekayo.
Uchongo olulula: Umbala otyheli ohlukileyo we-coating ye-zinc yenza ukuba ezi bholithi zibonakale lula, ziququzelele ukhetho olukhawulezayo kunye nokufakwa ngexesha lendibano kunye nemisebenzi yokulondoloza. Oku kuchongwa okubonakalayo kunceda ukuthintela ukuxubana kunye nezinye iintlobo zeebholiti, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wofakelo olungalunganga.
Iindleko - Ezisebenzayo: Ukubonelela ngebhalansi yokusebenza kunye neendleko, ezi bholithi zibonelela ngeendleko-isisombululo esisebenzayo sokuqinisa ubuninzi bezicelo. Imveliso yazo esemgangathweni, ukufumaneka kobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye namandla, kunye nokunganyangeki kakuhle komhlwa kunegalelo kukongiwa kweendleko ngokubanzi kwiiprojekthi ngokunciphisa imfuno yokutshintshwa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa.