Ukuphakamisa i-bolts ngamehlo buyeyona nto yayikhethwe ngamandla kwizinto ezinamandla eziphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthukulwa kukhuseleko oluthembekileyo ngexesha lokuphakanyiswa kwemisebenzi. Intsimbi ye-alloy yinto esetyenziswayo esetyenziswayo, ngakumbi amabakala anje nge-42CRO kunye ne-35CRO.
p>Ukuphakamisa i-bolts ngamehlo buyeyona nto yayikhethwe ngamandla kwizinto ezinamandla eziphezulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthukulwa kukhuseleko oluthembekileyo ngexesha lokuphakanyiswa kwemisebenzi. Intsimbi ye-alloy yinto esetyenziswayo esetyenziswayo, ngakumbi amabakala anje nge-42CRO kunye ne-35CRO. Ezi ndawo ze-alloy zinezinto ezinje ngeChromium, molybdenum, kunye neManganese, ethi, ngenkqubo yokucoca i-bolt ye-bolt. I-Feb-Alloy Steed Steel iphakamisa i-bolts emehlweni e-thebile, ubuchule obugqibeleleyo, kunye nokuchasana nokungakhathali okukhulu, kwenza ukuba isiphumlisi esinzima ngaphandle kokusilela.
Kwizicelo apho ukumelana nokunganyangeki kubalulekile, intsimbi engenasibala yinto yokhetho. Ibanga ezingama-304 nelama-316 lisetyenziswe ngokubanzi. Intsimbi engama-304 inika intsimbi engenasiseko ibonelela ngokhuseleko oluhle ngokubanzi, lwenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo zokunyusa umgangatho wokuveliswa kwendalo esingqongileyo. 316 Intsimbi engenasibala, inomxholo wayo ophakamileyo we-molybdenum, inika ukungamelana nokuxhaphaka okuphezulu kwiikhemikhali, amanzi etyuwa, kunye neemeko ezigqithisileyo, ezenza ukuba zilungele amashishini asemachini apho iibhotile zinokutyhilwa khona.
Kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, intsimbi ephezulu yekharbon inokusetyenziswa, ngokwesiqhelo kumanqanaba 8.8, 10.9, kunye ne-12.9. Nangona i-carbon yensimbi iphantsi kokuxhathisa i-corrosion ephantsi xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi engenasitali kunye nentsimbi ye-alloy, inokudibana neemfuno zomsebenzi wemisebenzi ethile yokuphakamisa xa idityaniswa nonyango olufanelekileyo.
Umgca wemveliso yokuphakamisa ii-bolts zamehlo zibandakanya iimodeli ezahlukeneyo ze-upeares ngobungakanani, ubungakanani bomthwalo, uhlobo loyilo, kunye neBanga lezinto ezibonakalayo:
Umgangatho wokuphakamisa ii-bolts zamehlo: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo, olufumanekayo kuluhlu olubanzi lwesayizi. I-SITRIKI SE-MATRICS idla ngokusuka kwi-M8 ukuya kwi-M48, ngelixa ubungakanani be-Acial Shart ukusuka kwi-5/16 ukuya ku-2 ". I-bolts ezisemgangathweni zamehlo zinoyilo olusisiseko kunye neliso elijikelezayo kwelinye icala kunye ne-shank eyenziweyo kwelinye. Bayinqandwe ukuba izakhono zomthwalo ezahlukeneyo, zihlala zisusela kwiikhilogram ezinamakhulu kwiitoni ezininzi, kuxhomekeka kubungakanani nakwinqanaba lezinto ezibonakalayo. Iibhotile zamehlo ezisemgangathweni zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo zokuphakamisa ngokubanzi kubasebenzi, ukwenza imveliso, kunye nemisebenzi yolondolozo apho iimfuno zomthwalo ziphakathi komthamo wabo.
Umsebenzi ophakamayo ophakamisa i-bolts: I-Nenjiwe yentsebenziso ephakame kakhulu, i-bolts enzima yenziwa ngeedayamitha ezinkulu kunye nemingxunya emikhitye. Ukucwangciswa kwentsimbi ye-Alefy ephezulu okanye intsimbi engenasibala iphambili, bakwazi ukuthwala imithwalo ephezulu kakhulu, bahlala bedlula kwiitoni ezili-10 okanye ngaphezulu. Ezi bolts zibalulekile kwizicwangciso zemizi-mveliso ezinje ngeenqanawa, ukuvelisa oomatshini onzima, kunye neeprojekthi zokwakha ezinkulu apho kuphakanyiswa izinto eziphakanyisiweyo. I-bolts ezinzima zokusebenza zihlala zibonisa uyilo lwe-onOpf offf yokuqinisekisa ukunamathela okukhuselekileyo kokuphakamisa amatye kunye nemixokelelwane.
Inqaku elikhethekileyo liphakamisa ii-bolts zeliso:
I-Swivel iphakamisa i-bolts yamehlo: Ezi bolts zenzelwe ngenkqubo ye-wiveli esweni, zivumela izixhobo zokuphakamisa ezinyuliweyo zokujikeleza ngokukhululekileyo. Eli nqaku libalulekile kwizicelo apho umthwalo kufuneka uchitheke khona kwiindlela ezininzi, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokujija kunye nokubopha i-slings yokuphakamisa. Iibhotile ze-Swivel zamehlo zihlala zisetyenziswa kwimisebenzi ye-crane, ukungcungcutheka, kunye nokufakwa koomatshini obukhulu bokujikeleza.
I-Bolts eguqukayo: I-bolts eguqukayo inomatshini ovumela ubude beliso okanye isikhundla sendawo yokuncamathisela ukuba ilungiswe. Oku kubonelela ngokuguquguquka kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokuphakamisa, ngakumbi xa ukuphakama okanye indawo yokuncamathisela kufuneka iguqulwe ukuze ikwazi ukulungiselela imithwalo eyahlukeneyo yejometri. Ziluncedo ekwakhiweni, ulondolozo, kunye nomsebenzi wokulungisa apho i-theafition isitshixo.
I-inshurensi ye-inshurensi yamehlo: Kwindawo zombane okanye i-voltage ephezulu, ii-bolts zamehlo ezichongiweyo ziyasetyenziswa. Ezi bolts zidityanisiwe okanye zakhiwe ngezixhobo zokuthambisa ukukhusela uhambo lombane, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomsebenzi wokuphakamisa kunye nabasebenzi ababandakanyekayo. I-Bolts yamehlo e-insuring ibalulekile ekuphakanyisweni kwezixhobo zombane, isebenza kufutshane nemigca yamandla, okanye kuyo nayiphi na imeko apho iingozi zombane zikhona.
Ukuveliswa kokuphakamisa iibhloko zamehlo zibandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi achanekileyo kunye namanyathelo afanelekileyo asemgangathweni wokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabo kunye nokuthembeka:
Ukulungiselela izintoIzixhobo eziphezulu eziphezulu, ezinje ngemivalo yentsimbi okanye iintonga, zifakwe ngononophelo. Izixhobo zihlolwe ngokupheleleyo ubume bemichiza, iipropathi zoomatshini, kunye nomgangatho womhlaba wokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yamanye amazwe kunye nemveliso. Izinto zentsimbi zinqunywe kubude obufanelekileyo ngokobukhulu be-bolt ubungakanani.
Ukwenza: Iibhotile zentsimbi zenziwe ngokwenziwa kwiinkqubo ezishushu ezishushu okanye ezibandayo. Ukukrazula okukhoyo kuhlala kusetyenziselwa iibolts ezinkulu nezinobunzima. Kule nkqubo, isinyithi sifudunyezwa ukuba sibe yindawo entle kwaye emva koko siye sayiswa usebenzisa i-cues phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu ukwenza iliso kunye ne-shank. Isihloko esibandayo sisetyenziswa kwiibhotile ezincinci ezinobuncinci, apho isinyithi senziwe kwifom oyifunayo ngaphandle kokufudumeza, esisebenza ngakumbi kwimveliso ephezulu kwaye sinokugcina ukuchaneka komgangatho.
Ukungcungcutheka: Emva kokwenziwa, ii-bolts zisebenza kwimisebenzi. Ukuqengqeleka kwentambo yindlela ekhethiweyo njengoko kudala intambo eyomeleleyo ngokubanda-ukusebenza kwentsimbi, ukuphucula ukungakhathali kwe-bolt. I-curing ekhethekileyo isetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwentambo, iprofayili yentambo, kunye nokuhambelana nemingxunya ehambelana okanye imingxunya okanye imingxunya enemingxunya. Kwiibhotile ezinemilinganiselo ethile yentsimbi, umatshini ongezelelweyo ochanekileyo unokwenziwa.
Unyango lobushushu (kwi-bolts yentsimbi): I-Aloby Steel iphakamisa i-bolts yamehlo inokwenza iinkqubo zokunyanga ubushushu kubandakanya ukungcungcutheka, ukucingela, kunye nokwamkelwa. I-Annengs inciphisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kwinyithi, ukucokisa ukunyusa ubunzima bayo, kwaye ukuhendwa komtshato kubuyisela ixesha elithile ngelixa liphucula ubunzima. Ezi nkqubo zingenza iempawu zobuchwephesha ze-bolts, zibeme ukuba zikwazi ukuhlangabezana namandla aphezulu kunye neemfuno eziphezulu zokuphakamisa izicelo.
Unyango lomphezuluUkuphucula ukunganyangeki, inkangeleko, kunye neepropathi ezisebenzayo, ii-bolts zentsimbi zentsimbi zinokwenza iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zonyango. I-Zinc Plateng liyeza eliqhelekileyo elifaka ungqimba lwe-zinc kwi-bolt ephezulu, ibonelela ngokhuseleko olusisiseko lokukhusela. I-HOT-dip ye-dapvaning ibonelela ngomthamo we-zinc kwaye ohlala ngaphezulu kwe-zinc, efanelekileyo kwizicelo zemo engqongileyo yangaphandle neyangaphandle. I-Bolts yentsimbi engenasitayile inokuthi ifumane unyango lokuphucula ukuphucula ukunganyangeki kwendalo. Ngamanye amaxesha, iingubo ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-teflon okanye i-anti-i-abrashions inokusetyenziswa ukunciphisa ukuxabana okanye ukukhusela ngokunxaxha ngexesha imisebenzi yokuphakamisa.
Uvavanyo olusemgangathweni: Yonke i-batch yokuphakamisa ii-bolts zamehlo zihlolwe ngamandla. Iitsheki zenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubukhulu be-bolt, ubude, iinkcazo zentambo, kunye nobungakanani bamehlo zihlangabeza nemigangatho. Iimvavanyo zoomatshini, ezinje ngabantu abanamanqandi, umthwalo oncedileyo, kunye novavanyo lokudinwa, zenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe umthwalo kunye nokuqina kweebhanti. Ukuqhutywa kwezicelo ezibalulekileyo, iindlela zokuhlola ezingeyonakalisa njenge-magnetic subnectile okanye uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic lunokusetyenziselwa ukufumana isiphene sangaphakathi. Kuphela ziibhotile ezipasileyo zonke iimvavanyo ezisemgangathweni zivunyiwe ukupakishwa kunye nokusasazwa.
Unyango lomphezulu wokuphakamisa iibhloko zamehlo kubalulekile ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwabo nokundise ubomi beenkonzo zabo:
I-Zinc Plateng: I-zinc plates ibandakanya ukuntywilisela ii-bolts kwisisombululo se-zinc kwinkqubo yokutsala i-elektroniki. Le mifanekiso inqabile i-zure ye-zinc kwi-bolt ephezulu, esebenza njengesithintelo sedini. Ubeko lwe-zinc corrodes lukhethekile, ukhusela intsimbi engaphantsi komhlwa kunye nokunyanzelwa. I-zinc plates ibonelela ngokhuseleko olusisiseko lokukhusela i-zinc kwaye ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo zangaphakathi nangaphantsi.
I-HOT-dip-dip ye-dipvaning: Kwinkqubo ye-DAP-DIP ye-DAP ye-DAGAN, ii-bolts ziqala ukuphakanyiswa kwaye zithathwe ukususa umphezulu. Emva koko, bavuthuza ukuze baqiniseke ukuba kufanelekile kwi-molten zinc. Emva koko, iibhloko zintywiliselwa kwibhafu ye-binc ye-zinc kwiqondo lokuhlambela elinama-450 ukuya kwi-460 ° C. I-zinc iphendula ngentsimbi kwintsimbi ukwenza uthotho lwe-zinc ye-zinc ye-zeni yentsimbi, ilandelwe ngumaleko wangaphandle we-zinc. Ukuthandwa kwe-gavaning ephekiweyo kuninzi kwaye kuqinile, ukuhambisa ukunganyangeki kwe-corosion, ukwenza ii-bolts ezifanelekileyo kwiimeko zexesha elide zangaphandle kunye nengqolowa.
I-Staivation yensimbi yentsimbi: Kwi-bolts yentsimbi engenasitayile, unyango lwedleleni luhlala luphunyezwa. Oku kubandakanya ukuphatha umphezulu we-bolt ngesisombululo se-acid ukususa naziphi na izinto ezingcolileyo, amasuntswana ensimbi, kunye nokuphucula ubhede kwintsimbi engenasiseko. Ukudluliselwa kwedlule kuphucula ukunyangwa kwentsimbi ye-staight, ngakumbi kwiimeko apho i-ion ye-chloride okanye ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zinokubakho.
I-caayings ekhethekileyo: Ezinye iibhotile eziphakamisayo zinokufumana iingubo ezikhethekileyo. I-teflon coasthings inokusetyenziswa ukunciphisa ukuxabana ngexesha lokuncamathisela kunye nokuthintelwa kwezinto zokuphakamisa, ukwenza umsebenzi owomkayo kunye nokuncitshiswa kwe-bolt kunye neziqwengana. I-anti-biasion ye-allsion isetyenziselwa ukukhusela umhlaba we-bolt kwi-scratches kunye nomonakalo obangelwe kukunxibelelana okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nezixhobo zokuphakamisa, ngakumbi kwizicelo eziphezulu zokunxiba.
Ukuphakamisa iibhloko zamehlo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini amaninzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokuphakamisa kunye nokubonisa imisebenzi iyafuneka:
Ishishini lokwakha: NgokWAKHALA, UKUKHUSELEKA I-BOLTS isetyenziselwa ukuphakamisa kunye nokufaka izinto zokwakha ezinjengeephaneli zekhonkrithi, intsimbi, kunye nezixhobo ezinkulu zendlela. Zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni intlanganiso ekhuselekileyo nenempumelelo yezakhiwo, nokuba sisiseko sendawo yokuhlala, i-skyscraper, okanye indawo yemizi-mveliso.
Ishishini lokwenza imveliso: Kwimveliso yezityalo, ukuphakamisa iibhloko ngamehlo ukuqesha oomatshini abanzima, amacandelo ngexesha lokuvelisa, kunye nokugqitywa kweemveliso zezothutho. Zisetyenziswa kwimigca yendibano, iivenkile zomatshini, kunye ne-Warehouse zokuhamba kunye nezinto ezinkulu nezinzima ngokuchanekileyo, ziququzelela inkqubo yokuphucula ukwenziwa kunye nokusebenza kwezinto.
Imveliso yaselwandle kunye ne-offshore: Kumacandelo aselwandle naselunxwemeni, iibhotile eziphakamisayo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiNdawo yokuthumela, ukulungiswa kwenqanawa, kunye nolwakhiwo lweqonga laseburhulumenteni. Zisetyenziselwa ukuphakamisa iinqanawa zenqanawa, izixhobo zaselwandle, kunye nemisebenzi yokungqengqa kwiinqanawa kunye nezakhiwo ezingaselunxwemeni. Iimfuno eziphezulu zokunganyangeki eziphezulu kwezi meko zihlala zikhokelela ekusebenziseni intsimbi engenasitayile okanye i-dip-dip-dip ye-dip-dip ye-DIP ye-dip ephakanyisiweyo.
Ishishini lokuThutha: Kumzi-mveliso wokuhamba, ukuphakamisa ii-bolts zamehlo zisetyenziselwa ukulayisha kunye nokukhulula umthwalo omkhulu kwiilori, oololiwe, kunye neenqanawa. Zikwasetyenziswa kulondolozo kunye nokulungiswa kwezixhobo zemoto kunye nezothutho, ezinjengeenjini zokuphakamisa, ukuhanjiswa, kunye nezinto zebhulorho ngexesha lokusebenza.
Imveliso yamandla kunye neMizi-mveliso yokuThengisa: Kwizityalo zamandla, kumaziko amandla amandla kunye namandla ahlaziyiweyo, asetyenziselwa ukuphakamisa izixhobo zokugcina izinto, ezinje ngeenjini, ezifana neenjineli, abavelisi kunye nabaguquli. Babalulekile ekusebenzeni umsebenzi wokuphakamisa izibonda zombane, abaguquli, kunye nezinye izixhobo ngexesha lokufakwa kunye nokulungisa imisebenzi.
Umthamo oPhezulu wokuLayisha umthwalo: Ukuphakamisa ii-bolts zemehlo zenziwe kwaye zenziwa kwaye zenziwe ukuze zinciphise imithwalo ebalulekileyo. Kuxhomekeka kwibakala lezinto ezibonakalayo kunye nobungakanani, banokuphatha imithwalo ukusuka kwiikhilogramu ezimbalwa ukuya kwiitoni. Lo mthamo uphethe umthwalo oqinisekisa ukuphakanyiswa okukhuselekileyo kwezinto ezinzima kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zeshishini nezokwakha.
Ukhuseleko oluthembekileyo: Ngenxa yeenkqubo zokwenza izinto ezingqongqo kunye namanyathelo olawulo asemgangathweni, ii-bolts eziphakamisayo zibonelela ngokhuseleko oluthembekileyo ngexesha lokuphakamisa imisebenzi. Ukuvavanywa ngokuqinileyo kwamandla, ukuqina, kunye nokugcina ingqibelelo kuqinisekisa ukuba ii-bolts zinokuthenjwa ukuba zenze phantsi kweemeko ezifunwayo, zinciphisa umngcipheko weengozi kunye nokwenzakala kwezixhobo.
Ukunganyangeki: Ngokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezinjengesinyithi yentsimbi engenasitayile kunye nonyango oluphambili olunje nge-dapvaning, i-bolts ephakamisa i-bolts inokuxhathisa ngokuphumelelayo ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kubangela ukuba balungele ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle kwendawo engaphandle, kunye nezoqoqosho, ukwandisa iinkonzo zabo zenkonzo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokulondolozwa.
Uqwalaselo: Ifumaneka kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesayizi, amandla omthwalo, kunye noyilo, ukuphakamisa iibhloko zamehlo kunokuhlengahlengiswa ngokulula kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zokuphakamisa. Nokuba ngumsebenzi odanisayo wokuphakamisa okanye ukusebenza okuntsonkothileyo, kukho imodeli efanelekileyo yokuphakamisa i-bolt ye-bolt yokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zesicelo.
Ukufakwa kokufakwa kunye nokusetyenziswa: Ukuphakamisa ii-bolts zemehlo kulula ukufaka, njengoko kunokutshintshwa kwimingxunya ethathiweyo okanye isetyenziswe ngamandongomane afanelekileyo. Uyilo lwabo olulula luvumela ukunamathiselwa okukhawulezileyo kokuphakamisa amatye, imixokelelwane, okanye ezinye izixhobo zokufakelwa, ukuqhubela phambili ukusebenza okufanelekileyo kunye nokunciphisa ixesha elifunekayo lokuseta kunye nokufakwa.