
Umutwe wumukara Allen urufunguzo rwibanze rwakozwe mubikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge kugirango birambe kandi byizewe byihuse. Ibyuma bya karubone nibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa cyane cyane mubyiciro nka 4.8, 8.8, na 10.9.
Umutwe wumukara Allen urufunguzo rwibanze rwakozwe mubikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge kugirango birambe kandi byizewe byihuse. Ibyuma bya karubone nibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa cyane cyane mubyiciro nka 4.8, 8.8, na 10.9. Icyiciro cyo hasi-4.8 ibyuma bya karubone bitanga imbaraga zifatizo, bigatuma bikwiranye na rusange-intego zikoreshwa aho ibisabwa byikigereranyo biringaniye. Ibyuma byo mu rwego rwo hejuru ibyuma bya karubone nka 8.8 na 10.9 birashobora kuvurwa nubushyuhe kugirango byongere imbaraga zabo zikomeye, ubukana, nubukomere. Ibi bibafasha kwihanganira imitwaro iremereye hamwe ningutu zingutu zikoreshwa, bigatuma biba byiza mubikorwa byinganda nubwubatsi. Kugirango utange ruswa ikingira ibyuma bya karubone, kuvura hejuru ni ngombwa.
Ibyuma bitagira umwanda nibindi bikoresho byingenzi, cyane cyane icyiciro cya 304 na 316. 304 ibyuma bitagira umwanda bitanga uburyo bwiza bwo kurwanya ruswa, bigatuma bikwiranye n’imbere mu nzu ndetse no hanze yo hanze hamwe n’ibidukikije bidakabije. 316 ibyuma bidafite ingese, hamwe na molybdenum nyinshi, bitanga imbaraga zo kurwanya imiti ikaze, amazi yumunyu, hamwe nibihe bikabije. Ibi bituma ihitamo neza mu nganda zo mu nyanja, imiti, n’inganda zitunganya ibiribwa, ndetse n’imishinga yo hanze mu turere two ku nkombe cyangwa ahantu hafite ubushuhe bwinshi.
Umukara urangirira kuri ibi byuma bigerwaho muburyo bwo kuvura hejuru aho kuba ibikoresho shingiro ubwabyo. Kurangiza ntabwo biha gusa Bolts isura nziza ishimishije ahubwo inatanga urwego rwinyongera rwo kwirinda ruswa no kwambara.
Umurongo wibicuruzwa byumukara uringaniye Allen urufunguzo rurimo moderi zitandukanye zashyizwe mubunini, uburebure, ubwoko bwurudodo, hamwe nicyiciro cyibikoresho:
Icyitegererezo gisanzwe: Bolt isanzwe iraboneka murwego runini rwa metric na imperial size. Ingano ya metero isanzwe iri hagati ya M3 na M24, mugihe ingano yubwami itwikiriye kuva kuri # 4 kugeza kuri 1 ".Iyi bolts igaragaramo ikibanza gisanzwe cyurudodo kandi irakwiriye mubikorwa rusange byo gufunga imashini, guteranya ibikoresho, no gukora ibikoresho byo mu nzu.
Icyitegererezo Cyimbaraga. Iyi bolts ifite diameter nini nuburebure kugirango ikemure imbaraga zikomeye kandi zogosha. Nibyingenzi mubikorwa byinganda kugirango babone imashini ziremereye, ibice binini byubatswe, nibikoresho bikorera munsi yimitwaro myinshi no kunyeganyega.
Icyitegererezo-Ikiranga Icyitegererezo:
Icyitegererezo Cyiza: Hamwe nuduto duto duto ugereranije na bolts zisanzwe, moderi-nziza-nziza itanga uburyo bwongeweho bwo guhindura no kongera imbaraga zo kurekura. Bikunze gukoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba guhuza neza, nko mumashini isobanutse, ibikoresho bya optique, hamwe no guteranya ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki yo mu rwego rwo hejuru.
Icyerekezo kirekire. Izi bolts zemeza guhuza umutekano binyuze mubice byinshi byibikoresho, bitanga ituze n'imbaraga muburyo bugoye.
Icyitegererezo cyo Kurwanya Ruswa: Usibye kurangiza umukara, ibi byuma birashobora gukorerwa ubundi buryo bwo kurwanya ruswa, nka Dacromet cyangwa Geomet coating, hejuru yibikoresho fatizo birwanya ruswa. Byarateguwe cyane cyane kugirango bikoreshwe ahantu habi, nko ku nkombe z’inyanja, ahantu h’inganda zifite umwanda mwinshi, cyangwa hanze yo hanze ihura n’ubushuhe n’imiti.
Umusaruro wumutwe wumukara Allen urufunguzo rurimo intambwe nyinshi zifatika hamwe ningamba zikomeye zo kugenzura ubuziranenge:
Gutegura ibikoresho: Ibikoresho fatizo byujuje ubuziranenge, nk'ibyuma cyangwa inkoni, biva neza. Ibikoresho birasuzumwa kubigize imiti, imiterere yubukanishi, hamwe nubuziranenge bwubutaka kugirango hubahirizwe ibipimo ngenderwaho. Ibikoresho byuma noneho bigabanywa muburebure bukwiranye nubunini bwa bolt.
Gushiraho: Ibyuma byuma byubatswe muburyo bukonje cyangwa imitwe ishyushye. Ubukonje-Umutwe ukoreshwa mubisanzwe bito-binini. Muri ubu buryo, icyuma gikozwe mumutwe wifuzwa, shank, na Allen urufunguzo rwa sock ukoresheje ipfa mubyiciro byinshi. Ubu buryo bukora neza cyane kubyara umusaruro kandi burashobora gukora imiterere yimigozi nukuri. Gushyushya bishyushye bikoreshwa kumurongo munini cyangwa muremure-imbaraga, aho icyuma gishyuha kuburyo bworoshye hanyuma kigakorwa munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi kugirango ugere ku mbaraga zisabwa kandi neza.
Urudodo: Nyuma yo gushiraho, bolts ikora ibikorwa byurudodo. Kuzunguruka kumutwe nuburyo bwatoranijwe kuko butanga urudodo rukomeye mugukonjesha-gukora icyuma, kunoza umunaniro wa bolt. Urudodo rwihariye rupfa gukoreshwa kugirango tumenye neza urudodo rwukuri, umwirondoro wurudodo, no guhuza nimbuto zihuye cyangwa umwobo.
Kuvura Ubushyuhe (kubikoresho bikomeye). Izi nzira zitezimbere imiterere yubukorikori, byongera imbaraga, ubukana, nubukomezi kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa byihariye.
Kuvura Ubuso: Kugirango ugere kumurongo wirabura, uburyo bwinshi burashobora gukoreshwa. Uburyo bumwe busanzwe ni coxy ya oxyde yumukara, inzira yimiti ikora urwego ruto, rwirabura, rwirinda ruswa hejuru yicyuma cya karubone. Ubundi buryo bushobora kuba bukubiyemo gushira ifu yumukara, itanga umubyimba muremure kandi uramba. Kubyuma bitagira umwanda, kurangiza umukara birashobora kugerwaho hifashishijwe PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) gutwikira cyangwa uburyo budasanzwe bwo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi.
Kugenzura Ubuziranenge: Buri cyiciro cya bolts kirasuzumwa cyane. Igenzura rinini rikorwa kugirango tumenye neza ko diameter ya bolt, uburebure, umurongo wihariye, ingano yumutwe, hamwe na Allen urufunguzo rwa sock rwujuje ubuziranenge. Ibizamini bya mashini, nkimbaraga zingutu, ubukana, hamwe nigeragezwa rya torque, birakorwa kugirango hamenyekane ubushobozi bwo kwikorera imitwaro nigihe kirekire cya bolts. Ubugenzuzi bugaragara nabwo bukorwa kugirango harebwe inenge zo hejuru, ibice, cyangwa umukara udakwiye. Gusa bolts yatsinze ibizamini byose byujuje ubuziranenge byemewe kubipakira no gukwirakwiza.
Ubuso bwo kuvura umutwe wumukara Allen urufunguzo ni ingenzi kubwiza bwiza no kuzamura imikorere:
Umwijima wa Oxide: Kubyuma bya karubone, umwirabura wa oxyde ni amahitamo akunzwe. Inzira itangirana no guhanagura ibimera kugirango ikureho umwanda wose, amavuta, cyangwa ingese. Noneho, bolts yibizwa mumuti ushyushye urimo hydroxide ya sodium, nitrite ya sodium, nibindi byongeweho. Imiti ibaho, ikora urwego ruto rwa magnetite (Fe3O4) hejuru, bigaragara ko ari umukara. Ipfunyika ritanga ruswa irwanya ruswa kandi igaha Bolt imwe, matte yumukara. Nyamara, igice cyirabura cya oxyde cyoroshye cyane, kandi ikoti yamavuta cyangwa ibishashara ikoreshwa kenshi kugirango irusheho kunoza ruswa.
Ifu yumukara: Muriyi nzira, bolts ibanza kuvurwa mbere yo gukora isuku no gutesha agaciro. Hanyuma, ifu yumye igizwe na resin, pigment, ninyongeramusaruro ikoreshwa mumashanyarazi kuri bolt hejuru. Ifu yumira kuri bolt kubera gukurura electrostatike. Ibikurikiraho, ibishishwa bishyushya mu ziko, bigatuma ifu ishonga, itemba, kandi ikiza, ikora igicucu cyijimye, kiramba, kandi cyoroshye. Ifu yumukara itanga imbaraga nziza zo kurwanya ruswa, kurwanya abrasion, no kurangiza neza.
Igipfundikizo cya PVD (kumashanyarazi idafite ibyuma). Muri PVD, ibikoresho byo gutwikira (nka nitride ya titanium cyangwa nitride ya zirconium) bihumeka mu cyumba cya vacuum hanyuma bigashyirwa hejuru ya bolt. Iyi nzira itera umwirabura muremure cyane hamwe nubukomezi buhebuje, kwambara birwanya, hamwe no kurwanya ruswa, mugihe nanone bigumana imiterere yihariye yibikoresho byuma bidafite ingese.
Amashanyarazi adasanzwe: Bimwe mubirabura byumutwe Allen urufunguzo rushobora kunyuramo amashanyarazi yihariye kugirango arangize umukara. Kurugero, nikel yumukara electroplating ikubiyemo gushyira urwego rwa nikel yumukara hejuru ya bolt. Iyi coating ntabwo itanga gusa umukara ahubwo inatanga uburyo bwiza bwo kurwanya ruswa hamwe nurwego runaka rwamavuta, bigabanya ubushyamirane mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho.
Umutwe wumukara Allen urufunguzo rukoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byinshi no mubikorwa:
Imashini n'ibikoresho Gukora: Mu gukora imashini, ibi byuma ni ngombwa mu guteranya ibice bitandukanye. Igishushanyo mbonera cyumutwe cyemerera flush ikwiye, akenshi isabwa mubisabwa aho ubuso bunoze bukenewe kugirango wirinde kwivanga mubindi bice cyangwa kubwimpamvu nziza. Urufunguzo rwa Allen rufasha gukora neza, rushobora kwizirika neza nkibice bya moteri, agasanduku gare, na sisitemu ya convoyeur.
Ibyuma bya elegitoroniki nibikoresho byamashanyarazi: Mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki ninganda zamashanyarazi, umutwe wumukara wa Allen urufunguzo rukoreshwa mukurinda imbaho zumuzunguruko, ibigo, nibindi bice. Moderi nziza-nziza irakwiriye cyane cyane guteranya ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, kuko yemerera gufunga neza nta kwangiza ibice byoroshye. Kurangiza birashobora kandi gufasha mukugabanya urumuri rwerekana, rufite akamaro muri optique no kwerekana porogaramu.
Inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga n’indege: Mu nganda zitwara ibinyabiziga, ibi byuma bikoreshwa muguteranya moteri, kubaka chassis, no gushiraho ibice by'imbere. Moderi ifite imbaraga nyinshi irashobora kwihanganira kunyeganyega no guhangayika byabayeho mugihe cyo gukora ibinyabiziga. Mu rwego rwo mu kirere, aho bisabwa ubuziranenge bukomeye n’imikorere, umutwe wirabura wirabura Allen urufunguzo rukoreshwa muguteranya ibice byindege. Kugenzura neza kwumuriro hamwe nuburyo bwo gufunga umutekano ni ngombwa kugirango umutekano windege ukorwe.
Ibikoresho n'ibishushanyo mbonera: Mu gukora ibikoresho byo mu nzu no gushushanya imbere, umukara uringaniye umutwe Allen urufunguzo rutoneshwa kubwiza bwabo bwiza. Umutwe uringaniye ukora isura nziza kandi isukuye iyo ifunzwe, ikazamura isura rusange yibikoresho byo mu nzu. Byakoreshejwe muguhuza ibiti, ibyuma, cyangwa ibice, bitanga ihuza rikomeye kandi ryizewe mugihe gikomeza stilish.
Imishinga yo kubaka no kubaka: Mubikorwa byubwubatsi nubwubatsi, ibi byuma bikoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye, nko gushakisha ibyuma, gushiraho ibikoresho byo gushushanya, no gufunga ibice byubaka. Kurangiza umukara birashobora kuzuza igishushanyo mbonera cyinyubako, cyane cyane muburyo bwa kijyambere bwubatswe aho hifuzwa isura nziza kandi imwe. Moderi-ikomeye cyane irakwiriye kubikorwa byubwubatsi buremereye, byemeza ituze nubusugire bwinzego.
Porogaramu isobanutse neza: Igishushanyo cya Allen urufunguzo rwibanze rwemerera porogaramu ya torque neza mugihe cyo kuyishyiraho. Ibi byemeza ko ibihindu byiziritse kubisobanuro nyabyo, bikarinda gukabya gukabije cyangwa kutagabanuka, bishobora kuganisha kunanirwa cyangwa kugabanya imikorere. Igenzura rya torque risobanutse ningirakamaro mubisabwa aho bisabwa kwizerwa kandi byizewe, nko mumashini ninganda zo mu kirere.
Kugaragara neza. Umutwe uringaniye wicaye usukuye hejuru, ukarema neza kandi usukuye, mugihe umukara urangije wongeyeho gukoraho ubuhanga kandi ushobora kuvanga neza nibikoresho bitandukanye hamwe na sisitemu y'amabara.
Kwizirika neza: Ihuriro ryumutwe uringaniye, urufunguzo rwa Allen, hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera gitanga igisubizo cyizewe kandi cyizewe. Umutwe uringaniye ukwirakwiza umutwaro uringaniye, bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kubikoresho bifunze. Igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana neza, gishobora guhangana nubwoko butandukanye bwimitwaro ya mashini, harimo impagarara, kogosha, no kunyeganyega. Ibi bituma ibi byuma bikwiranye nurwego runini rwa porogaramu, kuva kumucyo-wumurimo kugeza kumurimo uremereye.
Guhindagurika: Kuboneka muburyo bunini bwubunini, ibikoresho, ubwoko bwurudodo, nimbaraga, umukara uringaniye umutwe Allen urufunguzo rushobora guhuzwa byoroshye nibisabwa bitandukanye. Byaba ari umurimo usobanutse mubikorwa bya elegitoroniki cyangwa akazi gakomeye ko kubaka, hariho moderi ikwiye irahari. Imiterere yihariye-yimiterere, nkurudodo rwiza, uburebure burebure, nubwoko bwo kurwanya ruswa, irusheho kwagura ibikorwa byabo mubidukikije.
Kurwanya ruswa: Ukurikije ibikoresho hamwe nubuvuzi bwo hejuru, ibi byuma bitanga ibyiza birwanya ruswa. Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga, hamwe nabafite ubuvuzi bwihariye bwo kurwanya ruswa nka porojeri yumukara cyangwa ifu ya PVD, birashobora kwihanganira ibidukikije bikabije, nko guhura nubushuhe, umunyu, n’imiti. Ibi byongera ubuzima bwa serivisi ya bolts kandi bigabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga.
Kuborohereza kwishyiriraho no gukuraho. Ubu bworoherane mubikoresho bisabwa bituma ibi byoroha gukoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye byo guterana no kubungabunga, kunoza imikorere.