
Mtedza wa weld umapangidwa makamaka kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zimatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri - kutentha ndi kupsinjika kwamakina panjira yowotcherera ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kukhazikika kodalirika. Low - carbon zitsulo ndi zinthu ambiri ntchito chifukwa weldability kwambiri.
Mtedza wa weld umapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zimatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri komanso kupsinjika kwamakina pamakina owotcherera ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kumamatira kodalirika. Chitsulo chochepa cha carbon ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha kuwotcherera kwake kwambiri. Makalasi ngati AISI 1008 kapena 1010 otsika - zitsulo za kaboni nthawi zambiri zimasankhidwa chifukwa zimatha kuwotcherera mosavuta popanda zovuta zazikulu monga kusweka kapena kupotoza kwambiri. Kutentha - mankhwala otsika - carbon steel weld mtedza amatha kupititsa patsogolo makina awo, kuphatikizapo kulimba kwamphamvu ndi kuuma, kuwapangitsa kuti athe kunyamula katundu wochuluka pambuyo pa kuwotcherera.
Pazinthu zomwe zimafuna kukana kwa dzimbiri, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Makalasi azitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri monga 304 ndi 316 amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 304 chimapereka zabwino zonse - kukana dzimbiri ndipo ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito m'nyumba ndi kunja zambiri komwe kumafunikira chitetezo chambiri. Chitsulo cha 316 chosapanga dzimbiri, chokhala ndi molybdenum wapamwamba kwambiri, chimapereka kukana kwamphamvu kwa mankhwala oopsa, madzi amchere, komanso malo owopsa a chilengedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino m'mafakitale apanyanja, mankhwala, ndi zakudya.
Muzochitika zina zapadera, mtedza wa aluminium alloy weld umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi ndizopepuka komanso zimakhala ndi mphamvu zamagetsi komanso zotenthetsera bwino, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale am'mlengalenga, magalimoto, ndi zamagetsi komwe kuchepetsa thupi ndikofunikira. Kuonjezera apo, mankhwala ochizira pamwamba monga plating ya zinc, galvanizing otentha, kapena chrome plating angagwiritsidwe ntchito ku mtedza wowotcherera zitsulo kuti apititse patsogolo kulimba kwawo komanso mawonekedwe awo.
Mzere wa mtedza wa weld umaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana yogawidwa ndi kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi njira yowotcherera:
Mtedza wa Weld Standard: Awa ndi mitundu yodziwika kwambiri, yomwe imapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya metric ndi yachifumu. Kukula kwa ma metric nthawi zambiri kumachokera ku M3 mpaka M24, pomwe kukula kwachifumu kumayambira 1/8 "mpaka 1". Mtedza wa weld wokhazikika uli ndi mawonekedwe a hexagonal, ofanana ndi mtedza wanthawi zonse, ndipo ndioyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera kwanthawi zonse. Amakhala ndi malo owoneka bwino komanso ulusi wokhazikika kuti ugwirizane mosavuta ndi mabawuti.
Mtedza wa Flange Weld: Mofanana ndi hexagon flange mtedza, flange weld mtedza ali ndi flange lathyathyathya mozungulira maziko. Kukonzekera kumeneku kumawonjezera malo okhudzana ndi ntchito, kugawa bwino katunduyo ndikupereka kukhazikika bwino. Mtedza wa flange weld nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo okulirapo amafunikira, monga mapanelo amthupi lamagalimoto ndi zolumikizira zitsulo.
Projection Weld Mtedza: Mtedzawu umakhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono kapena ting'onoting'ono pamwamba pake, zomwe zimapangidwa kuti ziziyang'ana kwambiri pakuwotcherera komweko panthawi yowotcherera. Zoyerekeza zimasungunuka ndikuphatikizana ndi chogwirira ntchito, ndikupanga mgwirizano wamphamvu. Mtedza wa projection weld nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito powotcherera makina m'mafakitale monga opanga magalimoto, komwe kumafunikira kupanga ma voliyumu ambiri komanso kuwotcherera moyenera.
Mtedza wa Spot Weld: Zopangidwira kuwotcherera kwa malo, mtedza wa weld uli ndi mawonekedwe apadera omwe amalola kulumikizana kotetezeka ndi chogwirira ntchito kudzera muzowotcherera zing'onozing'ono. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo zachitsulo ndi kusonkhana, kupereka njira yodalirika yokhazikika popanda kufunikira kwa ntchito zazikulu zowotcherera.
Kupanga mtedza wa weld kumaphatikizapo njira zopangira zolondola komanso njira zowongolera - zowongolera:
Kukonzekera Zinthu Zakuthupi: Zida zapamwamba kwambiri, monga zitsulo zachitsulo, ndodo zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, kapena mapepala a aluminiyamu alloy, amachotsedwa. Zipangizozi zimawunikiridwa mosamala za kapangidwe kake, makina amakina, komanso mawonekedwe apamwamba kuti zitsimikizire kuti zimakwaniritsa zofunikira. Pazinthu zachitsulo, amadulidwa mu utali woyenerera malinga ndi kukula kwa mtedza.
Kupanga: Mtedza wa weld nthawi zambiri umapangidwa kudzera munjira zozizira kapena zotentha. Mutu wozizira umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mtedza wocheperako, pomwe chitsulocho chimapangidwa kuti chikhale chofunidwa pogwiritsa ntchito dies. Njirayi ndiyothandiza pakupanga voliyumu yayikulu ndipo imatha kupanga mawonekedwe olondola a ulusi ndi mawonekedwe a mtedza. Hot - forging umagwiritsidwa ntchito zazikulu kapena apamwamba - mphamvu mtedza, kumene zitsulo ndi usavutike mtima kuti malleable boma ndiyeno zoumbidwa pansi pa kuthamanga kwambiri kukwaniritsa chofunika mphamvu ndi olondola dimensional.
Ulusi: Pambuyo popanga, mtedzawu umagwira ntchito zopangira ulusi. Mofanana ndi mtedza wina, ulusi ukhoza kuchitidwa ndi kugubuduza kapena kudula. Kugudubuza ulusi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri chifukwa imapanga ulusi wolimba kwambiri pozizira - kugwira ntchito yachitsulo, kumapangitsa kuti mtedza usatope. Kudula ulusi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene kulondola kwakukulu kumafunika pa ntchito zinazake.
Weld - Kupanga mawonekedwe: Kwa mtedza wa weld wapadera monga mawonedwe kapena mtedza wowotcherera, zowonjezera zimapangidwa. Mtedza wa ma weld umapangidwa ndi njira monga kupondaponda kapena kupanga makina, pomwe mtedza wa weld umapangidwa ndi mawonekedwe apadera kuti athe kuwotcherera.
Chithandizo cha Pamwamba: Kupititsa patsogolo kukana kwa dzimbiri ndi maonekedwe, mtedza wowotcherera zitsulo ukhoza kudutsa - njira zothandizira. Mankhwala odziwika bwino amaphatikizapo plating zinki, kutentha - dip galvanizing, chrome plating, kapena zokutira ufa. Njira iliyonse yothandizira imapereka milingo yosiyanasiyana yachitetezo komanso zokongoletsa.
Kuyang'anira Ubwino: Gulu lililonse la mtedza wa weld limawunikidwa mwamphamvu. Macheke amtundu amachitidwa kuti atsimikizire kuti makulidwe a nati, makulidwe, mafotokozedwe a ulusi, ndi mawonekedwe aliwonse apadera okhudzana ndi weld amakwaniritsa miyezo. Mayeso a weldability amachitidwa kuti atsimikizire kuti mtedzawo ukhoza kuwotcherera bwino popanda chilema. Mayesero amakina, monga kulimba kwamphamvu komanso kuuma kwamphamvu, amachitidwa kuti atsimikizire kuti mtedzawo ukhoza kupirira katundu woyembekezeka. Kuyang'ana kowoneka kumachitidwanso kuti awone zolakwika zapamtunda, ming'alu, kapena zokutira zosayenera. Mtedza wokhawo womwe umapambana mayeso onsewa ndi omwe amavomerezedwa kuti apakidwe ndikugawa.
Mtedza wa weld umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana:
Makampani Agalimoto: Popanga magalimoto, mtedza wa weld umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuphatikiza mapanelo amthupi, zida za chassis, ndi zida za injini. Mtedza wa ma weld ndi mtedza wama weld ndiwodziwika kwambiri pamizere yopangira makina, komwe amathandizira kukhazikika mwachangu komanso kodalirika. Mtedza wa flange weld umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza zinthu zomwe zimafuna malo okulirapo, monga zoyimitsidwa ndi mabulaketi.
Ntchito Yomanga ndi Kupanga Zitsulo: M'makampani omanga, mtedza wa weld umagwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikiza zida zachitsulo, mafelemu achitsulo, ndi njanji. Amapereka mgwirizano wamphamvu komanso wokhazikika, kuonetsetsa kuti kukhazikika ndi chitetezo cha nyumba ndi zomangamanga. M'masitolo opanga zitsulo, mtedza wa weld umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kusonkhanitsa zinthu zachitsulo, monga zitsulo zosungiramo zinthu, mipando, ndi zipangizo zamakampani.
Kupanga Zida Zamagetsi: Mtedza wowotcherera amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zapakhomo, monga mafiriji, makina ochapira, ndi ma uvuni. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumangiriza zida zamkati, mapanelo, ndi mabulaketi, kuwonetsetsa kulimba ndi kudalirika kwa zida.
Zamlengalenga ndi Chitetezo: M'gawo lazamlengalenga ndi chitetezo, komwe kulondola ndi kudalirika ndikofunikira kwambiri, mtedza wowotcherera umagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizira ndege, zida za mizinga, ndi zida zina zaukadaulo wapamwamba. Zida zamphamvu komanso zopepuka, monga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi aluminium alloy weld mtedza, zimasankhidwa kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zamafakitalewa.
General Makina ndi Zida: Mtedza wa weld ndi wofunikira pakumanga mbali zosiyanasiyana zamakina ndi zida, kuphatikiza ma mota, mapampu, ndi makina otumizira. Amapereka kulumikizana kotetezeka komwe kumatha kupirira kugwedezeka ndi kupsinjika kwamakina komwe kumakumana ndi ntchito.
Kulumikizana Kwamphamvu ndi Kwamuyaya: Mtedza wa weld umapanga mgwirizano wamphamvu, wokhazikika ndi chogwirira ntchito kupyolera mu kuwotcherera, kuonetsetsa njira yodalirika yokhazikika. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pamapulogalamu omwe zigawo zimayenera kukhala zolumikizidwa bwino pansi pa katundu wolemetsa, kugwedezeka, kapena mphamvu zosunthika.
Katundu Waukulu - Kukwanitsa Kunyamula: Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kawo kolimba komanso momwe amawotcherera, mtedza wa weld ukhoza kuthandizira katundu wambiri. Amapangidwa kuti azigawira katunduyo mofanana, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kulephera ndi kupereka kukhazikika kwa nthawi yaitali.
Kusinthasintha mu Njira Zowotcherera: Mtedza wowotcherera ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zowotcherera, kuphatikiza kuwotcherera kwa projekiti, kuwotcherera pamalo, ndi kuwotcherera kwa arc. Kusinthasintha kumeneku kumawathandiza kuti azitha kusintha njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira komanso zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito.
Space - Saving Design: Muzinthu zina, mtedza wa weld ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa mtedza wachikhalidwe ndi ma bolts, kuthetsa kufunikira kwa malo owonjezera ovomerezeka kuti amangirire mtedza. Izi zitha kukhala zopindulitsa pamapangidwe apang'ono pomwe malo amakhala ochepa, monga mumainjini amagalimoto ndi zida zamagetsi.
Mtengo - Wogwira Ntchito Mwapamwamba - Kupanga Volume: Popanga makina opangira, mtedza wa weld ukhoza kukhazikitsidwa mwachangu komanso moyenera, kuchepetsa nthawi yopanga komanso ndalama zogwirira ntchito. Kupezeka kwawo kwakukulu komanso kukula kwake kokhazikika kumathandizanso kuti pakhale mtengo - wogwira ntchito m'malo opangira ma volume ambiri.