Masamba a masika amapangidwa mokhazikika kuchokera kumtunda - zinthu zapamwamba kuti zitsimikizire ntchito zodalirika komanso kukhazikika. Zitsulo zogwiritsidwa ntchito kaboni ndi zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, nthawi zambiri mumakalasi ngati 60n kapena 70, yomwe imatha kutentha - amathandizira kuti athetse thanzi lake komanso kutopa.
p>Masamba a masika amapangidwa mokhazikika kuchokera kumtunda - zinthu zapamwamba kuti zitsimikizire ntchito zodalirika komanso kukhazikika. Zitsulo zogwiritsidwa ntchito kaboni ndi zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, nthawi zambiri mumakalasi ngati 60n kapena 70, yomwe imatha kutentha - amathandizira kuti athetse thanzi lake komanso kutopa. Kutentha - Kuchitidwa Katemera chitsulo cha kasupe chimapereka chikhazikitso chabwino kwambiri, kuwalola kuti asunge kukakamizidwa pazinthu zolimba komanso kupewa kumasulira koyambitsidwa ndi kugwedezeka kapena katundu wamphamvu.
Zofunsira zomwe zimafunikira kukana kwakukulu, zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndizinthu zosankha. Magulu osapanga dzimbiri monga 304 ndipo 316 amagwiritsidwa ntchito pompopompo kwambiri ku dzimbiri ndi kuvunda kwamankhwala. Izi zimawapangitsa kuti agwiritse ntchito m'malo ovuta, kuphatikiza makonda am'madzi, mbewu zamankhwala, ndi kukhazikitsa zakunja. Kuphatikiza apo, mkuwa - alloy masika masika amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zina zomwe mawonekedwe amagetsi ndi anting - zoyeserera zimafunikira, monga kulumikizana ndi magetsi. Masika ena a masika amathanso kukhala ndi chithandizo chapamwamba ngati zinc, zokutira zakuda za oxide, kapena dacromt zokutira patsogolo pakukana kuwongolera ndikusintha mawonekedwe.
Mzere wazogulitsa masika amaphatikizika mitundu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kapangidwe kake ndi kugwiritsa ntchito:
Masika okwera masika: Izi ndi mtundu wamba, zopangidwa ndi mawonekedwe osavuta - owoneka bwino. Amapezeka m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yolingana ndi magawo osiyanasiyana a bolt ndi diames, makamaka kuchokera m2 mpaka m36 kapena 1/8 "mpaka 1 - 1/2" mpaka 1 - 1/2 "mpaka 1 - 1/2". Mapulogalamu oyambira masika ndioyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa General - Zolinga Zapatali - Kupatsa Anti Woyambira - Kumasulira Magwiridwe Abwino M'misonkhano ikuluikulu, monga zigawo zamagalimoto, ndi zida zapakhomo komanso zida zapakhomo, ndi zida zapabanja.
Funde masika: Yodziwika ndi funde lawo - monga mbiri yawo, maheluri awa amaperekanso gawo lofananira ndi gulu la masika kudutsa pansi. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito malo ochepa kapena mbiri yabwino ndiyofunikira. Mapulogalamu a masika amapezeka mmodzi - funde ndi mitundu yambiri - fufuziro zofananira, ndipo zimabwera m'matumbo ofanana ndi masika olondola. Ndiabwino kuti awone makina olondola, zida zamagetsi, ndi zida zamankhwala, pomwe kupanikizika kosalekeza ndi kukhazikitsa kofunikira ndikofunikira.
Belleville kasupe masika: Wopangidwa ngati disc, belleville kasupe masika amakhoza kupanga mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe ochepa. Adapangidwa kuti azitha kupirira katundu wolemera ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri - mapulogalamu opsinjika, makina opanga mafakitale, mafuta a mafuta, ndi zigawo za avespace. Belleville kasupe masher amapezeka m'magulu ndi ma diameters, ndipo amatha kukhazikitsidwa mndandanda kapena wofanana kuti asinthe mphamvu ya kasupe molingana ndi zofunikira zina.
Tsekani masika masika: Zopangidwa mwachindunji zolimbikitsidwa - kumasula magwiridwe antchito, loya masika masika atha kukhala ndi zowonjezera ngati mbali zowonjezera ngati m'mbali mwa mtsempha kapena kapangidwe kake. Mafuta otsekemera amaluma pamalovu, ndikukangana komanso kupewa kuzungulira. Gawani zotsetsereka, ndi kapangidwe kake kawiri - Pangani chopindika mukakhala ogwedezeka, kupereka kulumikizana kwambiri. Aswe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu injini zamagalimoto, zida zomanga, ndi ntchito zina pomwe kugwedezeka ndikofunikira.
Kupanga kwa masika masika kumaphatikizapo luso lolondola komanso labwino - njira zowongolera:
Kukonzekera Zinthu: Kukwezeka - ma coils a chitsulo, ngati chitsulo chachitsulo cha kaboni, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, kapena chitsulo chamkuntho, chimasankhidwa komanso chosasankhidwa. Zinthuzo zimayang'aniridwa kuti zizikhala zapamwamba kwambiri, kufooka kosasinthika, komanso makina opanga kuti atsimikizire kutsatira miyezo ya anthu.
Kupanga: Pamasika ophulika achifwamba, chingwe chachitsulo chimadutsa kudzera mu makina ozungulira kapena osunthika, omwe amazipanga kukhala mawonekedwe a helical. Mapulogalamu a masika amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito madala omwe amapereka mawonekedwe - monga mbiri, pomwe belleville kasupe masheya amapangidwa ndi stampical mawonekedwe kuchokera ku disc. Locks Spring Asses angakhale akupanga njira zowonjezera kuti mupange ndudu kapena kugawa.
Chithandizo cha kutentha (kwa chitsulo cha mpweya): Carbon chitsulo chachitsulo cha kasupe chimatentha - chimathandizidwa kuti athetse mphamvu zawo. Njirayi nthawi zambiri imaphatikizirana kuti ithetse mavuto amkati, opumira kuti achuluke kuuma, komanso kusinthasintha kuti abwezeretse maulendo ena ndikuwonjezera makulidwe. Kutentha kumeneku - njira yothandizira machimeni amawonetsa kuti maheluwo amatha kuyamwa kwambiri ndikusungabe mphamvu ya kasupe.
Pamtunda: Kupititsa patsogolo kukana ndi maonekedwe, maonekedwe ake, masika masika amatha kumachitika - chithandizo chamankhwala. Kukhazikitsa kwa zinc kumaphatikizapo kumiza masher mu zinc - Wolemera, kupanga malo oteteza. Kukutira kwa oxide kwa oxide kumapanga chowonda chakuda, chakuda, chilengedwe - chosalimba pamtunda. Matenda a dacmet, chithandizo chapamwamba kwambiri, chimateteza kwambiri kutukula bwino ndipo nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri - kugwiritsa ntchito magwiridwe antchito.
Kuyendera bwino: Gulu lililonse la masika limayang'aniridwa mwamphamvu. Macheke a pakati amatsimikizira kuti mainchesi akunja, mainchesi amkati, ndi makulidwe amakwaniritsa miyezo yotsimikizika. Mayeso owoneka bwino amachitika kuti awonetsetse kuti awononge ndikusunga mphamvu yofunikira. Kuyesedwa kowoneka kumachitika kuti ayang'anire zofooka, monga ming'alu, burrs, kapena zokutira zosawerengeka. Mayere okha okha omwe amadutsa mayeso onse omwe amavomerezedwa kuti akwaniritse ndi kugawa.
Masika masika amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana komanso kugwiritsa ntchito makina:
Makampani Oyendetsa Magalimoto: Pakupanga magalimoto, masika masika ndikofunikira kuti muteteze zinthu za injini, zigawo zoyimitsidwa, ndi misonkhano ya thupi. Amaletsa ma balts ndi mtedza kuti usalowetse chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa injini ndi kugwedeza kwa mseu, kuonetsetsa chitetezo ndi kudalirika kwa magalimoto.
Aerospace ndi ndege: M'mapulogalamu a Arospace, otetezedwa ndi chitetezo, masika aphulika amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamsonkhano wa injini za ndege, mapiko, ndi fuula. Zokwera - zida zogwirira ntchito ngati chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri komanso chithandizo chamanja zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokumana ndi zozizwitsa, kuwonongeka kwa thupi, komanso kutopa.
Makina ogulitsaKukhazikitsa mafakitale, masika masika amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumangiriza kwambiri - makina amalonda, monga machitidwe, mapampu, ndi majeremini. Amathandizira kukhalabe ndi mtima wosagawanika polumikizana mosalekeza komanso katundu wolemera, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zida zolephera chifukwa cha zigawo zomasulira.
Zida zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi: M'mawampani amagetsi, fulungs masika masika ndi yaying'ono - masika a masika amagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza ma board ozungulira, zolumikizira, ndi makhilo. Kutha kwawo kupereka zipsinjo zosagwirizana popanda kuwononga zigawo zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kuti azigwiritsa ntchito njira zamagetsi.
Ntchito Zomanga ndi Zomangamanga: Pa ntchito zomanga, masika masika amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikiza zinthu zankhondo, monga mitengo yachitsulo, Ndemanga, ndi secalfalast. Amawonetsetsa kuti kulumikizana kumakhalabe zolimba ngakhale pansi pa katundu wamphamvu komanso zovuta zachilengedwe zomwe zakumana nazo munyumba yomanga ndi mlatho.
Anti - kumasula: Masika a masika amapereka odana - kumasulira njira yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zopitilira mu mtedza kapena bout. Mphamvu iyi imathetsa kugwedezeka ndi mphamvu zosinthika, kupewetsa mtedza ndi mabatani kuti asamasuke kwakanthawi, motero kumalimbikitsa chitetezo ndi kukhazikika kwa Assemblies.
Kusiyanasiyana: Kupezeka ndi zida zambiri, kukula, ndi kapangidwe kake, masika masika amatha kusinthidwa mosavuta kuti agwirizane ndi zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito. Kaya ndi chipangizo chaching'ono - chochepa kwambiri kapena makina akuluakulu - apadera, pali chitsanzo choyenera cha ntchito.
Mtengo - ogwira: Poyerekeza ndi njira zovomerezeka za anti - kumasula njira zomasulira, monga ulusi - zomata zotsekera kapena zoyeserera zapadera, masika othamanga amapereka mtengo - yankho labwino. Ndiwotsika mtengo kwambiri kupanga ndikukhazikitsa, kuwapangitsa kuti akhale chisankho chochuluka kwambiri - kugwiritsa ntchito makanema.
Kukhazikitsa kosavuta ndi kuchotsedwa: Masika masika ndiosavuta kukhazikitsa ndikuchotsa, kufunafuna zida zoyambira zam'manja zokha. Mapangidwe awo owongoka amalola kuti akhale am'misonkhano mwachangu komanso osakwiya, kuchepetsa nthawi yokonza ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.
Wolimba komanso wautali - wokhalitsa: Amapangidwa kuchokera kudera lalitali - zinthu zapamwamba ndipo nthawi zambiri zimathandizidwa ndi ntchito yolimbikitsidwa, masika amakhala ndi moyo wautali. Amatha kupirira zobwerezabwereza ndi kutsitsa mizere, komanso kuwonekera kwa nyengo zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe, kuonetsetsa magwiridwe antchito onse.