Mapulogalamu a ulusi amakongoletsedwa kawirikawiri kuchokera kudera lonse - zinthu zapamwamba, zosankhidwa kutengera zofuna zina zokhudzana ndi mphamvu, kukhazikika, komanso kukana. Kaboni kaboni imayikidwa ngati imodzi mwazinthu zofala kwambiri, makamaka m'makalasi monga 4.8, 8.8, ndi 10.9.
p>Mapulogalamu a ulusi amakongoletsedwa kawirikawiri kuchokera kudera lonse - zinthu zapamwamba, zosankhidwa kutengera zofuna zina zokhudzana ndi mphamvu, kukhazikika, komanso kukana. Kaboni kaboni imayikidwa ngati imodzi mwazinthu zofala kwambiri, makamaka m'makalasi monga 4.8, 8.8, ndi 10.9. Wam'munsi - kalasi 4.8 Kaboni chitsulo chimapereka mphamvu zazikulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunika kwambiri - cholinga chofulumira pomwe zofunikira sizingachitike. Mosiyana ndi izi, okwera - kalasi ya kalasi ngati 8.8 ndi 10.9 imatha kutentha kulandira mphamvu zawo, kuuma, komanso kulimba mtima. Kupititsa patsogolo kumeneku kumawathandiza kupirira katundu wolemera komanso zipsinjo zazikulu zolemetsa, ndikuwapatsa zabwino kwa majerempani opanga mafakitale komanso zomanga zomwe zimafuna kulimba mtima. Kuti muteteze masitepe achitsulo ochokera ku Corlosion, mankhwala wamba amaphatikiza zinc, zokutira zakuda oxide, zokutira zakuda okkasi, ndikutentha kwambiri - yotentha.
Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi zinthu zina zofunika kwambiri, ndi makeke pa 304 ndi 316. Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimapereka zinthu zokwanira - cholinga chowongolera, ndikupangitsa kukhala koyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mkati mwa ntchito ndi malo ambiri akunja okhala ndi kuwonekera kwa chilengedwe. 316 Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, chifukwa cha zinthu za Molybdenum zapamwamba, zimaperekanso zofuna za mitundu yankhanza, madzi amchere, ndi zinthu zoopsa. Zotsatira zake, ndi zinthu zosankha kwa mafakitale monga mathira, mankhwala, ndi chakudya - kukonza, komanso malo okwera kwambiri m'malo okwera.
M'mapulogalamu apadera omwe ali okwera - magwiridwe antchito ndi ofunikira, alloy chitsulo chimayamba kusewera. Alloy chitsulo, chomwe chili ndi zinthu ngati chromium, Molybdenum, vadium, ndi nickel, amatha kukhala kutentha - kuchitidwa kuti akwaniritse zinthu zapadera. Ma spid studge opangidwa kuchokera ku zitsulo zopangidwa ndi zitsulo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri - zojambula pamavuto, monga injini zamagetsi, makina olemera, malo otopa ndi ofunika kwambiri.
Zogulitsa zamapulogalamu a ulusi zimaphatikizira mitundu yosiyanasiyana, m'magulu malingana ndi kukula, kutalika, ulusi, kalasi yazinthu,
Ma studio oyambira: Ma studio muyezo amapezeka mumitundu yambiri ya metric ndi zikuluzikulu. Ma Metric Mays amachokera ku m3 mpaka m36, pomwe amatulutsa zingwe zapamtunda nthawi zonse.
Mkulu - nyonga yamphamvu: Maudindo a Wolemera - Ntchito Zogwira Ntchito, Zokwezeka - mphamvu zokulirapo zimapangidwa kuchokera pamwamba - zida za grade, nthawi zambiri zitsulo kapena zazitali - nyonga - mphamvu ya kaboni ngati 12.9. Ma studio awa amapangidwa ndi magawo akulu ndi kutalika kwakutali kuti athe kuthana ndi ankhondo akuluakulu. Ndizofunikira kwambiri m'makampani ogulitsa mafakitale, zazikulu - zazikuluzikulu, ndi zida zogwirira ntchito pansi pa katundu ndi kugwedezeka. Kukwera kwambiri - nyonga zakuya kwambiri kumathanso kuphatikiza mapangidwe apadera a ulusi kapena zowonjezera zowonjezera zomwe amachita ndi katundu - kunyamula mphamvu.
Zolemba zapadera - zopindika:
Chabwino - ulusi wamafuta: Kupanga mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono a ulusi poyerekeza ndi ma studio okhazikika, chabwino - ulusi wa ulusi umapereka kusintha kwa kusintha kosinthika komanso kukana kupatsanso. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pantchito zomwe zimafuna zabwino - zowoneka ngati makina olondola, zida zowoneka bwino, komanso msonkhano wamagetsi; Zabwino - ulusi ulusi umalola kuti pakhale lolondola komanso kulumikizana kwambiri mu ntchito zolimba izi.
Maphunziro akhungu: Ma studio awa amapangidwira makamaka kuti agwiritse ntchito mabowo akhungu, pomwe kupeza ndi kotheka kuchokera mbali imodzi. Ma spiged akhungu amalusa nthawi zambiri pamapeto ake mbali imodzi yoyiyika mu dzenje lakhungu ndikusinthana kwina, monga mutu wosalala kapena mutu, kumapeto kwake. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamisonkhano yamiyala, malo opangira mkati mwathu, ndi mapulogalamu ena omwe mawonekedwe oyera ndi otetezeka ochokera kumbali imodzi amafunikira.
Anti - ma studi okwirira: Wopanga Kukana Kumasulira Woyambitsidwa ndi kugwedezeka, anti - ma studi ofuula amaphatikiza mawonekedwe apadera. Ena akhoza kukhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati ulusi, pomwe ena angagwiritse ntchito zinthu zina zotsekemera kapena zokutira. Ma studio awa ndi ofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito monga injini zamagetsi, makina okwera - makina okwera, ndi zida zoyendera, kuonetsetsa kuti kufulumira kumakhalabe kotetezeka ngakhale kugwedezeka kosalekeza.
Kupanga kwa studing sturdo kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo zolondola komanso zabwino - zowongolera kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika kwawo komanso magwiridwe ake:
Kukonzekera Zinthu: Zokwera - zopangidwa bwino - monga mipiringidzo kapena ndodo zachitsulo, zimawonjezedwa mosamala. Kuyendera kwambiri kumachitika kuti atsimikizire kapangidwe ka mankhwala, makina opanga, komanso mtundu wapamwamba wa zida, kuonetsetsa kutsatira kutsatira mfundo za mapangidwe. Pambuyo pake, zitsulo zitsulo zimadulidwa kukhala kutalika koyenera malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ma studi.
Kuluma: Kuluka ndi njira yovuta pakupanga ulusi wambiri. Kusintha kwapadera kumafa kapena makina ozungulira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apange ulusiwo pa studi. Kuzungulira ulusi ndi njira yomwe mungakonde imatulutsa ulusi wamphamvu ndi kuzizira - kugwira ntchito chitsulo, potero kumalimbikitsa kutopa kwa ma studi. Njira yopindika imafuna kuwongolera moyenera kuti muwonetsetse ulusi woyenera, mbiri yabwino, komanso kuphatikizidwa ndi mtedza wofanana kapena mabowo ojambulidwa. Kwa ma studis okhala ndi ziphunzitso zina, monga abwino - ulusi kapena ulusi wapadera, kuwongolera kofananako kungakhale kofunikira.
Chithandizo cha kutentha (pamtunda - nyonga): Maphunziro opangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zazitali - mphamvu ngati chitsulo kapena kukwera - kalasi ya kalasi ya kalasi nthawi zambiri imakhazikika - mankhwalawa, kuphatikizapo, komanso kusanja. Makhalidwe awa amalimbikitsa makina a makinawo, kukulitsa mphamvu zawo, kuuma kwawo, kuumitsidwa, komanso kulimba mtima kuti mukwaniritse zokambirana za mapulogalamu enaake.
Chithandizo cha Mapeto: Kutengera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kapangidwe ka ulusi wa ulusi, malekezero atha kukomoka kowonjezera. Mwachitsanzo, malekezero amatha kuchepetsedwa kuti athandizire kuyika mkatikati mwa mtedza kapena mabowo owombera, kuchepetsa chiopsezo chowonongeka ndikusintha njira. Nthawi zina, malekezero amatha kusinthidwa kapena kupangika kuti azikhala ndi njira zina zomangirira kapena kupereka mawonekedwe abwino ndi zomwe zimaphatikizidwa.
Pamtunda: Kuti muchepetse kukana kwa chipongwe, kusintha mawonekedwe, ndikuwonjezera katundu wamagwiritsidwe ntchito, ma spige a ulusi a chitsulo amatha kugwa mosiyanasiyana - chithandizo chamankhwala. Zinc Kuyika kumanda woonda wa zinc pa studic pamtunda, kupereka chitetezo choyambirira chamoto komanso mawonekedwe osakhwala. Yotentha - disving Galvananizeng imapereka chithokomiro chokhazikika, ndikupanga ma studio oyenera - nthawi yakunja Kuwala kwa oxide kumapangitsa ku woonda, wakuda, wowonda - wosagwirizana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kupereka ma studio omwe amawunika matte poperekanso chitetezo. Maphunziro osapanga dzimbiri osapanga dzimbiri amathanso kulandira chithandizo chothandizira kuponderezana kwawo.
Kuyendera bwino: Batani lililonse la ulusi ulusi limayang'aniridwa kwambiri. Macheke a pakati amachitidwa kuti awonetsetse kuti mainchesi, kutalika, zizindikiro zopindika, ndipo njira zothetsera zomaliza zimakwaniritsa mfundo zokhazikika. Mayeso azachilengedwe, kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, kuuma, ndi mayeso a torque, kumachitika kuti atsimikizire katundu - kubzala ndi kulimba kwa ma studi. Kupendekeka komwe kumachitika kumachitikanso kuti adziwe zolakwika zilizonse zapamwamba, ming'alu, kapena ulusi woyenera. Makina okhawo omwe amapereka mayeso onse omwe amavomerezedwa kuti akwaniritse ndi kugawa.
Pamwamba pamapulogalamu a ulusi amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popititsa patsogolo magwiridwe awo ndikuwonjezera moyo wawo wa ntchito:
Zinc: Zolemba za zinc ndizomwe zimakhazikitsidwa kwambiri ndi masitepe achitsulo a kaboni. Imakhudza masamba owonda owonda a zinc pa studiyo. Chizindikiro cha ZirC chimakhala chotchinga chopereka, kutengera kuteteza mosamala kuti ateteze zitsulo zoyambitsidwa. Zinc Preting imapereka chitetezo choyambira komanso choyenera m'nyumba komanso zochepa - njira zakunja. Zimapatsanso ma studio, misala, yomwe imakonda kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito zina.
Yotentha - ikani galvanung: Kutentha - vikani njira yogawana, ma studio amayambira nthawi yayitali ndikusankhidwa kuti achotse zodetsa nkhawa. Kenako, iwo akujambulidwa ndikubatizidwa mu bafa losungunula la molten pafupifupi 450 - 460 ° C. Zinc imamva ndi chitsulo mu chitsulo chopanga zinc - iroy Alloy zigawo, kutsatiridwa ndi wosanjikiza wakunja wa zinc. Chifukwa chodwala komanso cholimba komanso cholimba.
Kukula kwa Oxide Black Oxide: Kukula kwa ma oxide ndi njira yamankhwala yomwe imapanga chowonda, chakuda, chilengedwe - chosakanizira pamtunda wa state sturdom. Kuphukira kumeneku sikungokhala chitetezero china chotetezedwa komanso kumaperekanso yunifolomu, mawonekedwe a matte akuwoneka, omwe nthawi zambiri amakomera mu ntchito pomwe ofuna kukana ndi kuwonongeka koyenera kumafunikira. Komabe, mabasi a Black Oxisi ndi woonda, komanso zowonjezera zowonjezera, monga mafuta kapena sera, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso mphamvu m'malo ovuta kwambiri.
Pakapangidwe mwachisawawa: Kwa ma studieni achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri, chithandizo cha pa Pastation chikuchitika. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kumiza ma studio mu yankho la acid kuchotsa zodetsa zodetsa, tinthu tating'ono tin, ndikuwonjezera chilengedwe cha oxade pa zosapanga - zitsulo. Passtivation imawongolera kukana kwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, makamaka m'malo omwe masitima a chloride ku chloride pomwepo kungakhalepo, kuonetsetsa kuti ndi ma studiabistabitabista yayitali komanso magwiridwe antchito.
Zovala Zapadera: Nthawi zina, ma studge amatha kulandira zokutira zapadera. Teflon zokutira zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa mikangano pakukhazikitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kuyamwa ndikumasula mtedza pa ma studi. Izi ndizopindulitsa kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito komwe msonkhano umakhala pamsonkhano wanthawi zambiri komanso sunakhumudwitsa. Anti - Gwirani zokutira kuti zisanduke chifukwa cha ma oxidation kapena kutalika kwake - kofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito komwe kumafunikira, monga kukonza kwa zida zamagetsi. Anti - zokutira za Abrasion zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuteteza malo obisika kuti asakambe ndi kuvala, makamaka - m'malo onenepa.
Ma studge stud amapeza ntchito zochulukirapo pamakampani angapo:
Makina ndi kupanga zida: M'makina opanga makina, ma shirter stuge ndi ofunikira pakusonkhanitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza zigawo za injini, magetsi, ndi zina zolemera - ntchito zina. Kutha kwamitengo yokhotakhota kuti ipereke phokoso lokhazikika komanso lodalirika, ngakhale pansi pa katundu wambiri ndi kugwedezeka, zimapangitsa kuti iwo akhale ofunikira pankhaniyi. Kaya ndi pomanga makina akuluakulu - makina opanga mafakitale kapena kupanga zida zazing'ono zamakina, ma shorter studge onetsetsani kuti amagwirizanitsa komanso kulumikizana koyenera.
Ntchito Zomanga ndi Zojambula: Pomanga ndi kapangidwe kazinthu zojambulajambula, ulusi wa ulusi umagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikiza zinthu zojambula, monga mitengo yachitsulo, miyeso, ndi zigawo za konkriti. Amalumikizana ndi zolimba komanso zolimba, zomwe zimathandizira kukhazikika kwa nyumba ndi mabulosi. Mapulogalamu okwera kwambiri - mphamvu zokulirapo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakugwiritsa ntchito zolimba zopikisana ndi katundu wambiri komanso ziganizo zomwe zimachitika m'maguluwa.
Mafakitale a Magalimoto ndi Aerospace: Mu makampani ogulitsa magalimoto, ma spir studge amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamsonkhano wa injini, ntchito yomanga Chassis, ndi machitidwe oyimitsidwa. Amatha kupirira kugwedezeka ndi makina opanga zopangidwa mugalimoto. Mu gawo la Aerossace, pomwe miyezo yabwino komanso yogwiritsira ntchito imathandizira, ulusi wa ulusi umagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa zinthu zonyamula ndege. Kupanga kwawo koyenera komanso kukwera mphamvu kwake ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito, monganso kulephera pang'ono kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zolimbitsa thupi.
Zida zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi: M'magetsi ndi mafakitale amagetsi, masitepe amagetsi, makamaka ma stuge, amagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza matabwa ozungulira, makhiloni amagetsi, ndi zinthu zina. Zabwino - ulusi ulusi umaloleza kukakamizidwa popanda kuwononga zigawo zikuluzikulu zamagetsi. Amathandizanso kusunga kusokonekera kwamagetsi komanso kusinthika koyenera kwa zinthu, kuonetsetsa kudalirika kwamagetsi ndi magetsi.
Mipando ndi mipando yamatanda: Mu mitu yopanga ndi malo opangira matabwa, ma studing, makamaka ma stuge, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ma studi opindika akhungu amathandizira kusokonekera kuchokera kumbali imodzi, yomwe ndi yabwino pakupanga zobisika mu mipata, kupereka mawonekedwe oyera ndi ochezeka. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti athe kusonkhanitsa mafelemu a matabwa, kuphatikiza miyendo yam'manja, ndikujowina zigawo zina za mipando, kuonetsetsa kukhazikika ndi kukhazikika kwa zinthu zomalizidwa.
Otetezeka komanso odalirika: Maphunziro a Thread amapereka njira yokhazikika komanso yodalirika. Pogwiritsa ntchito mtedza kapena makhwala opindika, amatha kugawa katundu wawo ndikupewa kumasulira ziganizo zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kugwedezeka, kugwedezeka, ndi mikangano. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala oyenera pakugwiritsa ntchito gawo limodzi, kuchokera ku kuwala - ntchito yolemetsa - ntchito zantchito, kuonetsetsa kutalika kwake - kukhazikika kwa zinthu kapena zigawo zikuluzikulu.
Kusiyanasiyana: Ndi mitundu yambiri, zida, mitundu, ndi zitsulo zopezeka, ulusi ulusi ungasinthidwe kuti ukwaniritse zofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Kaya ndi njira yolondola - ntchito yolumikizidwa ndi mafakitale amagetsi kapena ntchito yolemetsa - ntchito yomanga, pali mtundu woyenera. Zapadera - ma studio apadera, monga chabwino - ulusi, wakhungu, ndi anti - mitundu yothira, ikuwonjezera gawo lawo, kulola njira zogwiritsira ntchito m'malo apadera.
Kuchepetsa kukhazikitsa ndikuchotsa: Mapulogalamu amalumbo ndi owongoka kuti akhazikitse ndikuchotsa. Nthawi ina yoyikidwa mu dzenje lakunja kapena chinthu chomangira, mtedza kapena zomangira zina zolumikizidwa zimatha kulimbikitsidwa mosavuta kapena kumasulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida kapena zitsulo kapena zitsulo. Kusavuta kumeneku ndikukonza kumathandizira msonkhano woyenera komanso kukonza njira, kukonza nthawi yotsika ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.
Mtengo - ogwira: Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya othamanga, ma sturter sturter amatha kupereka mtengo - yankho logwira ntchito, makamaka pazogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafunikira kwambiri - kulimba komanso zolimba. Kupezeka kwawo kokhazikika komanso kufalikira kumathandiza kuti pakhale ndalama zowononga, ndipo moyo wawo wautali umachepetsa pafupipafupi, ndipo pamapeto pake amachepetsa mtengo wonse wa mapulojekiti omwe amagwiritsa ntchito.
Katundu wambiri - kuvala mphamvu: Kutengera ndi zojambulazo ndi kapangidwe, ma studge amatha kukhala ndi katundu wambiri - kubzala mphamvu. Kukwera kwambiri - nyonga zamphamvu zopangidwa kuchokera ku zitsulo zopangidwa kapena zokwera - kalasi ya kalasi ya kalasi yofunika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera - zogwirira ntchito zomangira zofunikira ndizofunikira kuti zithandizire katundu waukulu ndikupewa kusokonekera.
Kutsutsa: Chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu ngati chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana - njira zothandizira, zopindika zimapereka zabwino kukana kuwonongeka. Izi zimawapangitsa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito panja, madzi, komanso mafakitale owononga, omwe amawonekera chinyezi, mchere, ndi mankhwala ndizofala. Kukhazikika kwa chipolopolo, kumafikira moyo wa ntchito yautumiki, kumachepetsa kukonzanso zofunikira, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kudalirika kwa zinthuzo kwakanthawi.