Ubwino ndi Kusanthula Kwakukulu Kofananiza kwa Njira Zazikulu Zapamwamba Zothandizira Zomangamanga 

I. Njira Zazikulu Zochizira Zomangamanga ndi Ubwino Wake

1. Electrogalvanizing (Kuphatikiza Blue-White Zinc ndi Colour Zinc)

Electrogalvanizing (cold galvanizing) ndi njira yomwe imayika yunifolomu ya zinki pamalo olumikizirana ndi electrolysis, yomwe imapezeka m'mitundu monga zinki yoyera ya buluu ndi zinki. Ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri yochizira zotsika mtengo zomangira zamalonda. Ubwino wake waukulu ndikuphatikiza ukadaulo wokhwima, mtengo wotsika, makulidwe otchinga (5-15μm), kumaliza kwapamwamba, ndi mitundu ingapo yamitundu, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera mawonekedwe amkati amkati odana ndi dzimbiri. Kwa zomangira zazing'ono zazing'ono (monga pansi pa M8), kutulutsa kwamagetsi sikumatchinga ulusi kapena mipata, kumapereka magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri, kupezeka kwa msika wokwera kwambiri, komanso kadulidwe kakang'ono kakukonza.

Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti electrogalvanizing ili ndi chiwopsezo cha hydrogen embrittlement ndipo imagwira ntchito pazomangira zolimba pansi pa HRC38. Komanso, ntchito yake ya anti-corrosion ndi yochepa. Mayeso osalowerera ndale (NSS) a electrogalvanizing wamba nthawi zambiri amakhala maola 24-96, omwe amatha kupitilira maola opitilira 200 mutalandira chithandizo ndi zosindikizira zapadera, koma mtengo wake udzawonjezeka ndi 5-8 moyenerera.

2. Non-Electrolytic Zinc Flake Coating (Dacromet/DACROMET)

Dacromet ndi mtundu watsopano wa zokutira womwe umapangidwa makamaka ndi ufa wa zinki, ufa wa aluminiyamu, ndi chromic acid, wopangidwa kudzera mu zokutira ndi kuphika. Ndilo ndondomeko yokondedwa yotsutsana ndi dzimbiri kwa nthawi yayitali m'madera ovuta, omwe ali ndi ubwino wodziwika bwino: palibe chiwopsezo cha hydrogen embrittlement, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera zomangira zamphamvu kwambiri; kukana bwino kwa dzimbiri, ndi mayeso osalowerera ndale mchere kutsitsi (NSS) nthawi 500-800 maola wosanjikiza limodzi ndi 1500-2000 maola wosanjikiza awiri, pamodzi ndi kukana bwino kutentha (nthawi yaitali ≤250 ℃); kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito olondola, komwe kumatsimikizira kusasinthika kwa mphamvu zolumikizirana movutikira ndipo ndikoyenera pazochitika zomwe zili ndi zofunika kwambiri pakulumikizana kwathunthu.

Zoyipa zake ndizosasinthika ku zomangira zazing'ono zomwe zili pansi pa M8 kapena zomangira zamkati, chifukwa zokutira zingakhudze msonkhano; mtengo wapakatikati, kupezeka kwa msika wamba, ndipo Dacromet yachikhalidwe ili ndi hexavalent chromium, kotero kutsata zachilengedwe kuyenera kutsatiridwa.

3. Hot-Dip Galvanizing

Hot-dip galvanizing ndi njira yofananira ndi zochitika zakunja zolimbana ndi dzimbiri, kupanga zokutira pomiza zomangira mu zinki wosungunuka pa 440-460 ℃. Ubwino wake waukulu ndi zokutira wandiweyani (50-100μm), zomatira zolimba kwambiri, komanso kukana kuwonongeka kwakukulu. Ngakhale zikanda zichitika pamtunda, zimatha kupitiliza kukana dzimbiri kudzera muzopereka za anode ya zinki, ndi nthawi ya NSS ya 300-1000 maora pambuyo podutsa. Njirayi imakhala ndi mtengo wapakatikati, kupezeka kwa msika wabwino, komanso chiwopsezo chochepa cha hydrogen embrittlement pazomangira zamphamvu kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zakunja.

Zochepa zake ndizosamalitsa bwino, zomwe siziyenera kuwonetsa zochitika zolondola; zomangira zazing'ono zazing'ono pansi pa M8 zimafunikira kugunda kwachiwiri pambuyo pa chithandizo, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito; ndi processing ndondomeko kungachititse tempering kuuma kusintha, choncho ndikoletsedwa ntchito 12.9-kalasi kapena aloyi zitsulo kalasi zigawo.

4. Chithandizo cha Black Oxide (Blueing).

Kuchiza kwa Black oxide (blueing) kumapanga filimu ya 1-3μm wandiweyani wa iron tetroxide (Fe₃O₄) pamalo olumikizirana ndi kutentha kwambiri. Ubwino wake waukulu ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri, kuwongolera kwakanthawi kochepa, ndipo sikukhudza kulondola kwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kupewa dzimbiri lazigawo zotsika kwambiri m'malo osawononga. Izi zimafuna palibe electroplating, zimabweretsa palibe hydrogen embrittlement chiopsezo, ndipo akutumikira monga njira zachuma kwa mbali sanali poyera monga zigawo kufala mkati mwa zida makina ndi kulumikiza mbali za maziko zida.

Ntchito yake yotsutsana ndi dzimbiri ndiyo yofooka kwambiri, yokhala ndi nthawi yoyesera mchere wosalowerera ndale wa maola 4-24 okha, omwe amatha kupitilira maola 48-72 mutatha kusindikizidwa kwa kumizidwa kwamafuta, kumangokwaniritsa zofunikira zopewera dzimbiri, ndipo gloss yapamtunda ndi yotsika, yopanda zokongoletsera.

II. Kufananiza Kopingasa kwa Zochita Zazikulu za Njira Zazikulu

Kuti mudziwe zambiri zaupangiri, kufunsira kwaukadaulo kumalimbikitsidwa.